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138
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
Endl.). Pinus khasya does not occur at low elevations and there are 100-km gaps between its occurrences from the Khasi Hills of northeastern India (range of Petrova khasiensis) to the highlands of Thailand (range of P. salweenensis) (Critchfield & Little, 1966; Mirov, 1967). Pinus merkusii and other pines likewise seem to be absent in these gaps. In Pleistocene times, the cool climate that allowed pines to migrate southward through Indochina (Mirov, 1967) must have allowed P. khasya to occur at low elevations, perhaps in continuous distribution. As the climate warmed at the end of the Pleistocene, P. khasya would have retreated from low elevations to form its fractured distribution pattern, thereby creating islands of Petrova that speciated. Under this hypothesis, related Petrova might occur in other subdivisions of the Pinus khasya range.
Literature Cited
Critchfield, W. B. & E. L. Little, Jr. 1966. Geographic distribution of the
pines of the world. U.S. Dept. Agric, For. Serv. Misc. Publ. 991, 97 p. Issiki, S. 1957. Eucosmidae. P. 53-75. In Icones Heteroceromm Japonicorum in
Goloribus Naturalibus, by T. Esaki and others. 318 p. Hoikusha, Osaka, Japan.
(Japanese). Kelly, K. L. & D. B. Judd. 1965. The ISCC-NBS method of designating colors
and dictionary of color names. U.S. Dept. Comm. Natl. Bur. Stand. Circ. 553,
158 p. Mirov, N. T. 1967. The genus Pinus. Ronald Press, New York. 602 p. Obraztsov, N. S. 1964. Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae. II. Die
Unterfamilie Olethreutinae, 5. Teil. Tijd. Entom. 107: 131-178.
A RECORD OF URBANUS SIMPLICIUS (HESPERIIDAE) FOR THE USA
Tilden (1965, J. Lepid. Soc. 19: 53-55) summarized the differences between Urbanus simplicius (Stoll) and Urbanus procne (Plotz). He found that most if not all records of simplicius from the USA were erroneous, a result of confusion of that species with procne.
I took a fresh male simplicius in Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Hidalgo Co., Texas, on 13 April 1974. The specimen was collected at a large patch of thisde, Cirsium texanum Buckl. (Compositae), whose blossoms were attracting many skippers. Of the 35 species of Hesperiidae present, other interesting species were Urbanus doryssus Swainson, Astraptes anaphus annetta Evans, Aguna asander (Hewitson), Cogia outis (Skinner), and C. hippalus (Edwards). These are apparently the first records from the Lower Rio Grande Valley for the two Cogia Species.
I wish to thank the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department for the issuance of a collecting permit for Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park.
Mike A. Rickard, 4618 Holly, Bellaire, Texas 77401.