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238
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
pupation on T. barbinode and Z. aptera collected at that site and on Pseudotaenidia montana Mackenz., mountain pimpernell, gathered at the summit of Shenandoah Mountain along the same route. Both larvae had been parasitized, and wasps, Trogus pennator (F.), emerged from the chrysalids on 18 June 1970.
Identifications of the plants were kindly verified by Dr. Peter Hyypio, L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, and plant specimens have been deposited in the Herbarium. The identity of the chrysalids was verified by Dr. John G. Francle-mont, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, and the parasites were identified by Dr. Robert W. Carlson, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, Washington, D.C. Insect specimens have been deposited in the Cornell University Collection, Lot 1023, Sublot 16a.
Sherry S. Rehr, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. 14850.
A YELLOW ABERRATION OF LERODEA EUFALA (HESPERIIDAE)
Four of the five commonest, most widespread Hesperiinae in the Central Valley of California are golden-yellow in color: Hylephila phylaeus (Drury), Atalopedes campestris (Bdv.), Polites sabuleti (Bdv.) and Ochlodes sylvanoides (Bdv.). The fifth, Lerodea eufala (Edw.), is dark brown with a few small whitish spots on the forewing above and below. On 4 September 1972, a male L. eufala was taken at Willow Slough, Yolo County, California, in which the dark brown is completely replaced by golden-yellow of nearly the exact shade prevalent dorsally in O. sylvanoides. The replacement extends to the body, appendages, and both wing surfaces. The whitish spots are normal. Many Hesperiine genera include both golden-yellow and brown species, and in some cases one sex will be yellow, the other brown. The yellow L. eufala suggests that the change from one color to the other is biochemically "easy." If there is a mimetic or other advantage in golden-yellow pigmentation in California grassland skippers, the evolutionary opportunity for L. eufala to partake of it seems to be available.
Arthur M. Shapiro, Department of Zoology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
A POPULATION OF LETHE APPALACHIA (SATRYRIDAE) FROM WEST CENTRAL FLORIDA
The southern limit in the geographical range of the eyed-brown satyr, Lethe appalachia Chermock, is reported by Kimball (1965. Lepidoptera of Florida, Fla. Dept. Agr.) to be northern Florida. Klots (1951, Field Guide to the Butterflies, Houghton Mifflin Co.) indicates that the species ranges southward in the Ap-plachian mountains into Georgia and to a few swampy locations in northern Florida. In July and August 1972, a sizeable population of this species was discovered in a swampy forest located two miles south of Zephyrhills, Pasco Co., Florida. The swamp is adjacent to Crystal Springs, the large spring contributing to the headwaters of the Hillsborough River in west central Florida. This locality is approximately 200 air miles south of those areas on the Florida-Georgia border where appalachia previously has been taken.
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The initial collection was made on 28 July 1972, by members of my entomology class at the University of South Florida. Seven specimens were collected and many others observed flying about the swamp. Nearly all of them were in perfect condition indicating a recent emergence of adults. The dominant trees in this swamp are: water oak, Quercus nigra L.; bald cypress, Toxodium distichum (L.) Rich; sweet gum, Liquidambar styraciflua L.; blue beech, Carpinus Carolina Walt.; red maple, Acer rubrum L.; water hickory, Carya aquatica (Michx.) Nutt.; and water ash, Fraxinus caroliniana Mill. Within the swamp, eyed browns were closely associated with specific areas having a ground cover of giant sedge, Rhynchospora inundata (Oakes) Fernald. In August, several larvae of L. appalachia were found feeding on this sedge and adults continued to exhibit a distinct preference for flying about and resting in the sedge patches.
The swamp was revisited on 7 October 1972, and several adult L. appalachia were still present and actively flying during the fall season. However, most of these individuals exhibited rather worn and tattered wings.
I have directed considerable effort toward collecting this species in other apparently suitable localities along the west-central coast of Florida without success. It appears that the colony at Crystal Springs is very local in distribution and perhaps represents a southern disjunct population which is more or less isolated from those in northern Florida.
Other species of butterflies collected within the Crystal Springs swamp in 1972 include the following: Euptychia gemma (Hiibner), E. hermes sosybia (Fabricius), Battus philenor (Linnaeus), B. polydamus lucayus (Rothschild and Jordan), Papilio polyxenes asterius Stoll, P. cresphontes Cramer, P. glaucus Linnaeus, Graphium marcellus (Cramer), Danaus gillippus berenice (Cramer), Heliconius charitonius tuckeri Comstock and Brown, Agraulis vanillae nigrior Michener, Phyciodes thaws (Drury), Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius), Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus), Lim-enitis archippus (Cramer), Asterocampa clyton (Boisduval and Leconte), A. celtis (Boisduval and Leconte), Saiyrium calanus (Hiibner), Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus), Pyrgus oileus (Linnaeus), Erynnis zarucco (Lucas), Wallengrenia otho (Abbot and Smith), and Lerema accius (Abbot and Smith).
Larry N. Brown, Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620.
NOTES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF HESPERIA PAHASKA MARTINI (HESPERIIDAE) IN COLORADO
In August of 1967, one somewhat worn pair of specimens of a species of Hesperia were collected near Gateway, Mesa Co., Colorado. In May of 1968, 1969 and 1970 additional specimens of this same species were collected at Black Ridge Breaks, also in Mesa Co., Colorado. Upon first examination, these specimens were identified as Hesperia viridis (Edwards), but a closer examination of the short series, including genitalic dissections and comparison to long series of both Hesperia viridis and Hesperia pahaska pahaska Leussler from various sections of Colorado, established them as members of the Hesperia pahaska complex. Further comparison with descripitions of members of this complex in MacNeil (1964, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 35: 136, 142-151, Pi. 1) established the specimens to be Hesperia pahaska martini MacNeill, the first reported specimens of this subspecies for Colorado. The most proximate published localities (MacNeill, op. cit.) are in Arizona (15 mi. WNW of Kayenta, Navajo Co.) and Utah (Beaver, Beaver Co.). Callaghan (1970, News Lepid. Soc. 3: 9) reported martini from the LaSal Mts., San Juan Co., Utah,