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Volume 27, Number 2
109
GOSSIDAE
Givira redtenbacheri (Hammerschmidt). Fig. 23. Naturwissenschaftliche Abhandhmgen Haidinger 2: 151, 1847.
Common in Big Bend National Park from late March until early May. It flies sympatrically with Heterocoma alhistriga B. and McD., which it resembles, although it is a much darker gray. G. redtenbacheri is more common in Green Gulch, H. alhistriga in the Chihuahua Desert.
This random selection of 23 species, chosen among those which have already been described, does not exhaust my reserve of interesting moths flying in Texas, As time permits I intend to carry on with another installment.
Acknowledgments
I am deeply indebted to many individuals who generously contributed much time and information, and without whose careful work of identification this paper would not have been possible. To all of the following I express my sincere thanks: Drs. D. C. Ferguson, J. G. Franclemont, D. F. Hardwick, R. W. Hodges, E. G. Munroe, F. H. Rindge and E. L. Todd.
It is a pleasure to acknowledge with thanks the always gratifying cooperation of the administration and managers of the National Parks and Refuges and State owned Wildlife Management Areas.
CHROMOSOME NUMBERS FOR PLEBEJUS (ICARICIA) ACMON, P. LUPINI, AND P. NEURONA (LYCAENIDAE)
Carll Goodpasture
Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
The Plebejus acmon (Westwood & Hewitson) group is comprised of one easily recognized species, P. neurona (Skinner), and two closely related, less distinct entities, P. acmon and P. lupini (Boisduval). The present paper is a report of the results of cytological examinations of certain populations of these species.
Chromosome complements of one population of P. neurona, two of P. acmon, and three of P. lupini from southern and central California have been examined. Field collected adults and laboratory reared pupae were used in this study. Specimens fixed in the field were treated and subsequently examined following the procedure of Emmel (1968).
110
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
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Figs. 1-4. Chromosomes of the Plebejus acmon group: 1, P. lupini lupini, N = 24, metaphase; 2, P. neurona, N r= 24, metaphase; 3, P. acmon acmon, N = 24, late diakinesis; 4, P. acmon acmon, bivalents from a cell in diakinesis stage, upper bivalent showing probably one nonterminalized chiasma, lower showing terminalized chiasma (note four strands at arrow). All cells primary spermatocytes from laboratory reared pupae, 0.5% lacto-acetoorcein, phase contrast.
Laboratory reared material was treated as follows: tests were removed from pupae one day prior to time of adult eclosion; dissections were carried out in Hayes saline (Hayes, 1953), transferred to 1% sodium citrate for 20 minutes, fixed 5 minutes in 3:1 absolute ethanol:glacial
Volume 27, Number 2
111
acetic acid, and stained in 0.5% lacto-acetoorcein (Breland, 1961). Temporary squash preparations were made using thumb pressure.
Slides were examined under oil using phase contrast illumination at a magnification of 960 X. Photographs were taken on Kodak High Contrast Copy 35 mm film at a film plane magnification of 400 X.
Plebejus neurona. N = 24. Counts were made in 40 well spread nuclei in meiotic metaphase and two in dikinesis from four individuals from Chuchupate Ranger Station, Ventura Co., California.
Plebejus acmon acmon. N = 24. Counts were made in 75 nuclei in meiotic metaphase, nine in diakinesis, and 10 in mitotic metaphase from eight individuals from Putah Creek, University of California at Davis, Yolo Co., and Monticello Dam, Napa Co., California.
Plebejus lupini lupini. N = 24. Counts were made in 12 meiotic metaphase nuclei from two pupae reared from stock collected at Echo Lake, 8,000 feet, El Dorado Co., California.
Plebejus lupini monticola. N = 24. Counts were made in 31 meiotic metaphase nuclei from six pupae reared from stock collected at La Posta Creek, 3,100 feet, San Diego Co., and Sierra Pelona Road, Mint Canyon, Los Angeles Co., California.
Twenty-four chromosomes were usually counted in primary and secondary spermatocyte metaphase figures from all populations sampled. An occasional cell encountered with more or less than this number was probably due to observation of superimposed or displaced chromosomes within a single cell. Twenty-four bivalents were easily recognized in all cells found in diakinesis (Fig. 3).
Exceptionally favorable diakinesis-diplotene figures were obtained from P. acmon and P. neurona. At least one chiasma was usually distinguishable in all bivalents at diakinesis and individual chromatids were sometimes resolved in bivalents where chiasmata had terminalized (Fig. 4, arrow).
A haploid chromosome number of N = 24 conforms to that previously reported for one other member of the subgenus Icarica; Plebejus icarioides (Boisduval) (Maeki & Remington, 1960). Although cytologically detectable chromosomal differentiation has not been found in this group, examinations of populations of the P.acmon-P. lupini species complex from areas outside of California where intergradation and possible hybridization occurs may be worthwhile.
Literature Cited
Breland, O. P. 1961. Studies on the chromosomes of mosquitoes. Ann. Entomol.
Soc. Amer. 54: 360-375. Emmel, T. C. 1968. Methods for studying the chromosomes of Lepidoptera. J.
Res. Lepid. 7: 23-28.
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Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
Hayes, R. O. 1953. Determination of a physiological saline solution for Aedes aegypti (L.). J. Econ. Entomol. 46: 624-627.
Maeki, K. & C. L. Remington. 1960. Studies on the chromosomes of North American Rhopalocera. 3. Lycaenidae, Danaidae, Satyrinae and Morphinae. J. Lepid. Soc. 14: 127-142.
CALLOPHRYS (IN CIS ALIA) POLIOS (LYCAENIDAE):
DISTRIBUTION IN NORTH AMERICA AND
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SUBSPECIES1
Clifford D. Ferris2 College of Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82070
AND
Michael S. Fisher 1200 Summitt Road Rt. 2, Parker, Colorado 80134
Callophrys (Incisalia) polios was described by Cook and Watson in 1907. Subsequently Cook published two papers (1907, 1908) in which he identified the larval foodplant and discussed part of the life history of this insect. The egg is shown in a plate and described in the text of the 1908 paper, but the paper ends at this point with the statement "To be continued/' Apparently the proposed continuation was not published. In his 1907 paper, Cook mentioned having reared polios to the pupal stage, but did not describe the larva or pupa. A footnote in the same paper mentions that William P. Comstock had reared polios from ova to maturity.
Cook and Watson described polios from a series of 84 specimens taken at Lakewood, New Jersey. Mention was also made of specimens from Calgary, Alberta, "Graham's Park on Rio de los Pinos, Cal.," and Colorado. These were not included in the type series. Later Cook (1908) corrected the Graham's Park locality to Colorado and indicated that "Cal." was a misprint in the earlier paper.
In the 1908 paper, Cook noted the known distribution of polios as New Jersey, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Nova Scotia, Indiana,
1 Published with the approval of the Director, Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station, as Journal Article no. JA 533.
2 Research Associate, Allyn Museum of Entomology, Sarasota, Florida.