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Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
Shirozu and Yamamoto (Lycaenidae) from Formosa. Tyo to Ga (Trans. Lepid. Soc. Jap.) 20: 1-10, pi. 1.
Klots, A. B. 1970. Lepidoptera, in "Taxonomist's Glossary of Genitalia in Insects" (ed. S. L. Tuxen), 2nd ed. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, p. 115-130.
Kuznetsov (=Kusnezov), N. J. 1916. Contributions to the morphology of the genital apparatus in Lepidoptera. Some cases of gynandromorphism. Rev. russe d'entomol. 16: 151-191.
Ogata, M. 1950. Studies on the male genitalia of Japanese Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) II. (in Japanese) Trans. Kansai Entomol. Soc. 15 (2): 33-47.
Ogata, M., Y. Okada, H. Okagaki and A. Sibatani. 1957. Male genitalia of Lepidoptera: morphology and nomenclature. III. Appendages pertaining to the tenth somite. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 50: 237-244.
Okagaki, H., A. Sibatani, M. Ogata and Y. Okada. 1955. Male genitalia of Lepidoptera: morphology and nomenclature. II. Morphological significance of sacculus and furca. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 48: 438-442.
Pierce, F. N. 1909. The Genitalia of the Groups Noctuidae of the Lepidoptera of the British Islands. Liverpool. 88 p., 32 pis.
Shirozu, T. 1960. Butterflies of Formosa in Colour (in Japanese). Hoikusha, Osaka. 481 p., 76 pis.
Shirozu, T. and H. Yamamoto. 1956. A generic revision and the phylogeny of the tribe Theclini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Sieboldia 1: 329-421, pi. 35-85.
Sibatani, A., M. Ogata, Y. Okada and H. Okagaki. 1954. Male genitalia of Lepidoptera: morphology and nomenclature. I. Divisions of the valvae in Rhopaloc-era, Phalaenidae (= Noctuidae) and Geometridae. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 47: 93-106.
Tuxen, S. L. (Ed.). 1970. Taxonomist's Glossary of Genitalia in Insects. Munksgaard, Copenhagen. 359 p.
ANOTHER LARVAL FOODPLANT FOR EUPHYDRYAS PHAETON (DRURY) (NYMPHALIDAE)
During the first week of June, 1971, I was collecting in a meadow in lower Orange County, New York State, where I had collected Euphtjdryas phaeton (Drury) in other years. This year the season was about one week late and very few of the checkerspots were flying. Numerous mature larvae were identified, however, (about two dozen) feeding on scattered bushes of the arrow-wood (Virburnum recognitum L.). This shrub was fairly plentiful in this field. Usually there were two to three larvae on a bush, feeding on the uppermost leaves. Though turtlehead (Chelone glabra L.) was also present in this field, no caterpillars were seen feeding on it.
It is to be noted that a few days earlier in Andover, Sussex County, New Jersey, a mature larva of this same butterfly was collected on White Ash (Fraxinus americana L.).
In 1969, Joseph Muller reported a new larval foodplant for Euphydryas phaeton, namely Pentstemon hirsutis (L.) (J. Lepid. Soc. 23: 48). Apparently there are several plants which are accepted by mature phaeton larvae. As phaeton is known to form colonies on turtlehead in its earlier instars, perhaps its diet becomes more catholic with maturity. Perhaps also the requirements of the larger caterpillars may outstrip the availability of the original foodplant, forcing a change.
John J. Bowe, M.D., 249 Mountain Avenue, Ridgewood, New Jersey 07450.