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114
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Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
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paler than dorsal region, also with white arcuate marks. Mid-ventral area grey, sometimes suffused with pink. Spiracles with dark-brown rims. Thoracic legs pale fawn or cream.
Head width: 2.60 ± 0.10 mm (16 larvae).
Duration of feeding phase of fifth stadium: 5.3 ± 1.7 days (21 larvae).
Duration of prepupal phase of fifth stadium: 3.3 ±1.0 days (12 larvae).
Pupa (Figs. 5, 10, 11). Orange-brown. Spiracles on a level with general surface of cuticle or borne in very shallow depressions. Rims of spiracles only weakly projecting. Anterior areas of abdominal segments 5, 6 and 7 conspicuously but rather finely pitted. Apex of proboscis terminating between apexes of forewings. Cremaster consisting of two elongate, slender, slightly curved spines borne at the apex of a rounded prolongation of tenth abdominal segment.
Length from anterior end to posterior margin of fourth abdominal segment: 11.1 ± 0.6 mm (17 pupae).
Acknowledgments
I am grateful to Mr. John E. H. Martin of this Institute for the fine photographs accompanying this paper and for his assistance in the field. I appreciate the help of my associate, Mr. E. W. Rockburne, who measured the immature stages and drew the cremaster area of the pupa.
Literature Cited
Barnes, W., and J. H. McDunnough. 1916. Contributions to the Natural History
of the Lepidoptera of North America. 3(1): 5. Decatur, 111. Grote, A. R. 1875. Descriptions of North American moths. Trans. Amer. Ent.
Soc. 5: 113-118. Hardwick, D. F. 1958. Taxonomy, life history, and habits of the elliptoid-eyed
species of Schinia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with notes on the Heliothidinae.
Can. Ent. Suppl. 6.
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THE PAINTED LADY BUTTERFLY, VANESSA KERSHAWI (NYMPHALIDAE), OF AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
Williams (1970, /. Lepid. Soc. 24: 157-175) refers to the Painted Lady Butterfly of Australia, New Zealand and some Pacific Islands as a form kershawi of Vanessa cardui (Linn.). He says that this form has slight differences in structure and wing markings, and has sometimes been considered as a distinct species.
I would like to point out that van Son (1966, /. ent. Soc. Qd 5: 66) has shown Vanessa kershawi (McCoy) to be a distinct species on the basis of genitalia. There are also constant differences in wing markings which support the separation of kershawi from cardui.
Recent migrations of V. kershawi in Australia have been recorded by Smithers and Peters (1966, /. ent. Soc. Qd 5: 67-69) and Smithers (1969, Aust. Zoo/. 15 (2): 188-194).
J. V. Peters, The Australian Museum, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
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