The text below is grayed out because it is not intended to be read. It is a necessarily imperfect OCR of the original and is only used by a search engine.
|
|
|||
|
Volume 25, Number 1
|
19
|
||
|
|
|||
|
the butterflies are only remotely related. All appear to be scrub country species, some in low country, as some Cercyonis and Minois, others at high elevations, such as other Cercyonis and Pseudocercyonis. Such assemblages of ecological equivalents are not uncommon among the Satyridae, as demonstrated by the "Erebia series" of unrelated montane butterflies, including the Holarctic Erebia Dalman (1816) (Erebiini), the Lymanopoda series (Pronophilini) from the high Andes, Percno-daimon Butler (1876) and other New Zealand Hypocystini and some South African Dirini. Careful morphological examination is necessary on members of supposedly cosmopolitan, and particularly pantropical, groups to confirm or deny relationships that have all too long been taken for granted.
Acknowledgment
We should like to thank Dr. Keith S. Brown, Jr., of Bio de Janeiro, Brazil, for providing material and observations on the ecology of the south Brazilian "Cercyonis."
Bibliography
Emmel, T. C. 1969. Taxonomy, distribution and biology of the genus Cercyonis
(Satyridae). I. Characteristics of the genus. Jour. Lepid. Soc. 23: 165-175. Forster, W. 1964. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Insectenfauna Boliviens XIX.
Lepidoptera III, Satyridae. Veroff. Zool. Staatssamml. Miinchen 8: 51-188. Hayward, K. J. 1958. Satiridos argentinos (Lep. Rhop. Satyridae) III. Guia
para su clasificacion. Acta. Zool. Lilloana 15: 199-295. Miller, L. D. 1968. The higher classification, phylogeny and zoogeography of
the Satyridae (Lepidoptera). Mem. American Ent. Soc. 24. Weymer, G. 1910-1912. Satyridae. in Seitz, A. Die Grossschmetterlinge der
Erde, vol. 5 (Die Amerikanische Tagfalter). Stuttgart.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
CONSUL PANARISTE (NYMPHALIDAE) IN VENEZUELA
I secured two fresh males of Consul panariste (Hewitson) on 5 and 6 February 1968 while collecting in the Venezuelan Andes with Albert Gadou of Caracas. They were taken on banana bait at approximately 1000 meters elevation on the Barinitas to Santa Domingo road in the state of Barinas. This is a humid, tropical forest situation, transitional to cloud forest. Albert reported having taken previous examples of the species in the same location.
Comstock (1961. Butterflies of the American Tropics: The genus Anaea, p. 188) stated that Consul panariste is known to occur only in Colombia. C. panariste has been traditionally placed in the genus Anaea, before Comstock allied it with Consul fabius (Cramer) (= Protogonius hippona Fabricius). Although Comstock considered Consul to be a subgenus of Anaea, contemporary usage? usually elevates the subgenera in his monograph to generic rank.
John H. Masters, Lemon Street North, North Hudson, Wisconsin,
|
|||
|
|
|||