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264 Wood: Eurema at MV light Vol. 23, no. 4
1954). Other examples might be cited, but perhaps these will suffice to suggest the possible extent of schizomimicry in the Catocala.
The ideas advanced here are admittedly quite speculative. However, the proposed advantage of hindwing diversity is certainly experimentally testable, and one of my graduate students, Charles G. Kellogg, is currently devising such experiments. We would be interested in receiving comments and suggestions from others on any matters relating to this note.
I would like to express my appreciation to Dr. Raymond P. Coppinger of Amherst College for allowing me to read pre-publication copies of his important papers; and to Dr. Ronald R. Keiper of Pennsylvania State University for providing me with records of his observations of Catocala in the field.
Literature Cited
Adams, M. S., and M. S. Bertoni, 1968. Continuous variation in related species
of the genus Catocala (Noctuidae). J. Lepid. Soc., 22: 231-236. Barnes, W., and J. McDunnough, 1918. Illustrations of the North American
species of the genus Catocala. Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3(1), 47 pp., 22 pi. Clarke, B., 1962. Balanced polymorphism and the diversity of sympatric species.
Systematics Assoc. Publ., 4: 47-70. Coppinger, R. P., 1969a. The effect of experience and novelty on avian feeding
behavior with reference to the evolution of warning coloration in butterflies.
Part I: Reactions of wild-caught adult blue jays to novel insects. Behaviour
(in press). 1969b. The effect of experience and novelty on avian feeding behavior with
reference to the evolution of warning coloration in butterflies. Part II: Reactions
of naive birds to novel insects. (in prep.) Forbes, W. T. M., 1954. Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States.
Part III. Noctuidae. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. St., Memoir 329, 431 pp. Mather, K., 1955. Polymorphism as an outcome of disruptive selection. Evolution, 9: 52^61. Tinbergen, L., 1960. The natural control of insects in pine woods. I. Factors
influencing the intensity of predation by song birds. Arch. Neerl. Zool., 13:
265-343.
SWARM OF EUREMA LISA UNDER MERCURY VAPOR LAMP
Migration swarms of Eurema lisa Boisduval & LeConte, have been often reported in the past, and specimens of Rhopalocera are occasionally taken at lights, but the two combined are an unusual occurrence, at least for this collector. On the night of September 27, 1968, at 11:50 P.M., I found a swarm of several hundred E. lisa resting on pavement beneath a mercury-vapor lamp rated at 20,500 lumens (400 watts). The temperature at the time, obtained later from the nearest ESS A station, was 61° F. The lamp is located in the parking area of a business establishment near my home in Henderson, western Kentucky. The specimens appeared dazed, and were not resting vertically, but with folded wings tilted to about 75 degrees. Only eleven samples were collected, and the sexes were about evenly represented, six males and five females.—J. B. Wood, 140 Pines Drive, Henderson, Kentucky.