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1967
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Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
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243
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REPORT ON A COLLECTION OF HESPERIIDAE FROM HONDURAS
Rose Sawyer Monroe Dept. of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky.
Lee D. Miller
Dept. of Biology, Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C.
Introduction
Evans (1951, 1952, 1953, 1955) listed 223 species of Hesperiidae from Honduras, divided between the three subfamilies as follows: 9 Pyrrhopyginae, 136 Pyrginae and 78 Hesperiinae. Many species have been reported from the surrounding countries but not from Honduras, so the actual number of hesperiid species resident there may exceed 500. Honduran records have now been published foi 275 species, many papers adding one or more to those listed by Evans, so that about half the expected number have been thus far reported. These figures alone do not indicate how poorly known Honduran butterflies are. Many of the records, especially the older ones, are based on single specimens bearing locality labels which read simply "Honduras" or "Spanish Honduras"; there are relatively few specimens available with adequate data and fewer still with ecological information. From the standpoint of biological knowledge, Honduras is one of the least known Central American republics.
The present collection was made chiefly by Monroe in 1962 and contains representatives of eighty-three species, many of which are new records from Honduras (indicated by an asterisk (*)). The Papilionoidea are being reported separately (Monroe, Ross and Williams, 1967), and the collection sites are discussed in that paper. Most of the hesperiids were taken at El Jaral, Cortes; this collection is substantially what one would expect to find on a Central American coffee finca in the tropical deciduous forest, where most of the specimens were taken.
The identifications were made by Miller, and the systematic notes are his responsibility; the specimens, unless otherwise indicated, are in the Monroe collection.
Systematic Account
The list which follows is arranged according to the sequence of genera given by Evans (1951, 1952, 1953, 1955). Reference will not be made to Honduran species listed in these works, but those species not recorded by him will be discussed in some detail, as will a few whose systematic position is in doubt.
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244 Monroe and Miller; Honduran Hesperiidae Vol. 21, no. 4
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Pyrrhopyginae
Jemadia hospita pseudognetus (Mabille). 1$ : El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii. This species has been reported previously (as hospita) from Honduras (Bell, 1934).
Pyrginae
Epargyreus exadeus complex. 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 11, 13.viii. The species in this group are poorly understood and are presently being examined by Miller. It seems better to avoid the use of specific names at this time. Evans (1952) records E. s. spina Evans and E. clavicornis gaumeri Godman from Honduras, the latter having been described from Ruatan Island.
Chioides catillus albofasciata (Hewitson). 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii.
Chioides catillus albius Evans. 1 $ : Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii. This specimen represents the first Honduran record of this "subspecies" which was known previously from Costa Rica and Panama. The zone of overlap of albius and albofasciata now extends at least from Honduras to northern Panama thereby casting further doubt on the "subspecies" of the catillus complex.
Typhedanus undulatus (Hewitson). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii.
Polythrix asine (Hewitson). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 25.viii.
Codatractus a. alcaeus (Hewitson). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 29.viii.
Urbanus p. proteus (Linnaeus). 2$ 42: El Jaral, Cortes; 9-14.viii and 23.ix (one pair in Carnegie Museum).
Urbanus viterboana (Ehrmann). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 8, 13.viii (one in Carnegie Museum). Evans (1952) described the "subspecies" alva and listed a pair from Honduras, but he did not record true viterboana from our area. There is broad overlap in the ranges of alva and viterboana, and they certainly cannot represent subspecies. Much more work remains to be done on the proteus complex before definitive statements can be made concerning species limits. For convenience we have here recorded the specimens as they run through Evans' key.
Urbanus d. dorantes (Stoll). 5$: El Jaral, Cortes; 6, 14, 25.viii (two in Carnegie Museum).
Urbanus teleus (Hiibner). 2 $ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 12.viii and 23.ix (one $ in Carnegie Museum).
Urbanus tanna Evans. 2$: one from El Jaral, Cortes; 27.vhi; and the other from Lancetilla, Atlantida; 7.vi.l961 (collected by Roger N. Williams).
Urbanus simplicius (Stoll). 4 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 12, 14.viii (one in Carnegie Museum). The separation of this species and the next is well described by Tilden (1965).
Urbanus procne (Plotz). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 23.ix.
Urbanus d. doryssus (Swainson). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii.
* Astraptes alardus latia Evans. 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 9.viii. This appears to be the first record of this handsome skipper from Honduras, but its occurrence there is not surprising; Evans (1952) and Williams (1927) list specimens from Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, etc.
Astraptes anaphus annetta Evans. 2? : El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 27.viii (one in Carnegie Museum).
Autochton longipennis (Plbtz). 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 8.viii.
Autochton zarex (Hlibner). 2$ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 8.viii and 23.ix (one $ in Carnegie Museum).
Achalarus a. albociliatus (Mabille). 1$: Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii.
Cabares p. potrillo (Lucas). 1$: Potrerillos, Cortes; lO.viii.
Spathilepia clonius (Cramer). 2$ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii and 23.ix (one $ in Carnegie Museum).
*Cogia c. caicus (Herrich-Schaffer). 1S : El Jaral, Cortes; 23.ix. This specimen
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represents a considerable southward extension of the known range. Previous
records place this species no further south than Guatemala. Cogia calchas (Herrics-Schaffer). 3 8 29: 2$ from El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii and
23.ix; 1$ from Potrerillos, Cortes; 29.viii; and 2$ from Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii
(one pair in Carnegie Museum). *Nisoniades castolatus (Hewitson). 18: El Jaral, Cortes; 27.viii. This skipper has
been taken in Nicaragua (Evans, 1953). *Nisoniades ephora (Herrich-Schaffer). 1$ ■ Cortes (either El Jaral or Potrerillos);
lO.viii. Described from Nicaragua, this species has been previously taken from
all the countries surrounding Honduras. Pellicia dimidiata Herrich-Schaffer. 1$ 22: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii and 23.ix
(one 2 in Carnegie Museum). The female in the collection of Carnegie Museum
has aberrant genitalia, the left side being only half as well developed as the
right. Normally the female genitalia of dimidiata are symmetrical. *Noctuana noctua bipuncta (Plotz). 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii. Evans (1953)
lists specimens from Guatemala and Nicaragua, so its occurrence within our limits
was to be expected. Noctuana stator (Godman and Salvin). 12 : El Jaral, Cortes., 23.ix. Bolla phylo pullata (Mabille). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 14.viii (one in Carnegie
Museum). Staphylus ascaphalus (Staudinger). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii. Ouleus fridericus salvina Evans. 48: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 12, 21.viii (one in
Carnegie Museum). Quadrus cerealis (Stoll). 18 : El Jaral, Cortes; 5.xi. *Quadrus c. contuhernalis (Mabille). 5 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 5.xi (two in Carnegie
Museum). This skipper has been recorded previously from Guatemala and
Costa Rica (Evans, 1953).
* Quadrus I. lugubris (Felder). 2^ 3$: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, L2, 14, 25, 27.viii (one
pair in Carnegie Museum). Previous records of the nominate subspecies have been from Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, so we are not surprised at its capture in Honduras.
*Mylon lassia (Hewitson). 12: El Jaral, Cortes; S.viii. This skipper also occurs in Guatemala and Nicaragua (Evans, 1953).
Mylon menippus (Fabricius). I $ 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 13, 17.viii.
*Carrhenes c. canescens (Felder). 48 : El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 14, 27.viii and 4.ix (one in Carnegie Museum). There are published records from Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua (Evans, 1953).
Xenophanes tryxus (Stoll). 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii.
Antigonus nearchus (Latreille). 38 : one from El Jaral, Cortes; 17.ix; and two from Potrerillos, Cortes; 29.viii (one in Carnegie Museum).
Antigonus erosus Hiibner. 78: one from El Jaral, Cortes; 17.ix; and six from Potrerillos, Cortes; 10, 29.viii (two in Carnegie Museum).
* Antigonus corrosus (Mabille). 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 9.viii. Occurrence of A.
corrosus in Honduras is not surprising since Evans (1953) lists material from
Nicaragua, El Salvador and Guatemala. *Zopyrion sandace Godman and Salvin. 1 2 : Potrerillos, Cortes; ll.viii. This is the
first record from further south than Volcan Santa Maria, Guatemala. Achylodes busirus heros (Ehrmann). 2 8 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii and 2, 14.ix
(one 8 in Carnegie Museum). Achylodes t. thraso (Jung). 18 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii and 23.ix. Timochares t. trifasciata (Hewitson). 19: El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii. Anastrus s. sempiternus Butler and Druce. 1 8 12: El Jaral, Cortes; 12, 17.viii. Ebrietas evanidas (Mabille). 18: El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii. Helias phalaenoides cama Evans. 2 $ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21, 27, 29.viii (one
8 in Carnegie Museum).
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246
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Monroe and Miller: Honduran Hesperiidae Vol. 21, no. 4
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*Theagenes albiplaga aegides (Herrich-Schaffer). I $ \ El Jaral, Cortes; 21.viii.
T. a. aegides has been reported from Guatemala, El Salvador and Costa Rica
(Evans, 1953). Pyrgus adepta (Plotz). 1 $ : Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii. Pyrgus o. oileus (Linnaeus). 6$ 2$: 5$ 2$ from El Jaral, Cortes; 6, 9, 12, 28.viii;
and the other $ from Potrerillos, Cortes; 29.viii (two $, one $ in Carnegie
Museum). Heliopetes m. macaira Reakirt. 1 $ 19: Potrerillos, Cortes; LO.viii. Heliopetes a. arsalte (Linnaeus). 2$: one from Potrerillos, Cortes; lO.viii; the
other from Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii. Heliopetes alana Reakirt. 2 $ : one from El Jaral, Cortes; 23.ix; the other from
Lancetilla, Atlantida; 18.vi.1961 (R. N. Williams).
Hesperiinae
Zariaspes mys (Hiibner). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21. viii.
Anthoptus epictetus (Fabricius). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21.viii (one in Carnegie Museum).
Corticea c. corticea (Plotz). 2$ 3$: 1^3$ from El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 13,viii and 23.ix; the other $ from Palmerola, 3 mi. SW of Choluteca, Choluteca; 28.ix (one pair in Carnegie Museum).
*Callimormus juventus Scudder. 1 $ 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 14.viii. This species is previously known from Guatemala and Costa Rica (Evans, 1955).
*Eprius v. veleda (Godman). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii. Evans (1955) mentions Guatemalan and Costa Rican specimens, so its residence in our area was expected.
Monca telata tyrtaeus (Plotz). 1$: Lancetilla, Atlantida; ]9.viii.
?Nastra I. leucone (Godman). 1$: Tela, Atlantida; 18.viii. This specimen is provisionally placed. If the specimen is leucone, it is the first record from Honduras. Evans (1955) lists specimens of the nominate subspecies from Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica, so its occurrence in our area is not unlikely.
Cymaenes odilia trebius (Mabille). 5$ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes., 9, 12, 14, 21.viii and 23.ix (two $ in Carnegie Museum).
Vehilius stictomenes illudens (Mabille). 4$: El Jaral, Cortes; 14, 21, 29.viii and 23.ix (one in Carnegie Museum).
*Mnasitheus chrysophrys (Mabille). IS: El Jaral, Cortes; 6.viii. Previous records include Guatemala and Costa Rica, and this very obscure little skipper is probably widely distributed throughout Central America.
Moeris remus (Fabricius). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii.
*Parphorus s. storax (Mabille). 1?: El Jaral, Cortes; 9.viii. This is a common and widely distributed skipper.
*Vettius onaca Evans. 2 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 12, 20.viii (one in Carnegie Museum). Evans (1955) proposed this name as a "subspecies" of Vettius fantasos (Stoll), but the two entities are sympatric. V. fantasos has been reported from our area, but V. onaca has not; the records of the latter are from Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador.
Thoon modius (Mabille). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21.viii.
Eutychide cornplana (Herrich-Schaffer). 1^ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 17.viii.
*Eutychide paria (Plotz). 1$ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii and 23.ix. Evans (1955) does not list specimens further north than Costa Rica, so our material represents a considerable northward extension of the known range of paria.
*Naevolus o. orius (Mabille). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 14.viii.
Quinta cannae (Herrich-Schaffer). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 9, 14.viii (one in Carnegie Museum).
*Cynea cynea, (Hewitson). 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 23.ix. Evans (1955) records it from all the countries surrounding Honduras.
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Journal of the Lepidopterists Society
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247
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Conga chydaea (Butler). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 17, 23.ix (one in Carnegie Museum).
Hylephila p. phyleus (Drury). 1$: Potrerillos, Cortes; ll.viii.
Pompeius pompeius (Latreille). 3$ 1$: El Jaral, Cortes; 12, 13, 21.viii (one $ in Carnegie Museum).
*Mellana helva (Moschler). 1 $ ■. El Jaral, Cortes; 23.ix. The specimen of this rare species has been deposited in Carnegie Museum.
Calpodes ethlius (Stoll). 1$ 1$: the $ from Potrerillos, Cortes; lO.viii; and the $ from the San Jose sugarmill, San Pedro Sula, Cortes; 28.viii.1961 (R. N. Williams; ex larva on Canna).
Panoquina s. sylvicola (Herrich-Schaffer). 1$ 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21.viii and 23.ix (one $ in Carnegie Museum).
Panoquina evadnes (Stoll). 2$: El Jaral, Cortes; 21.vni and 23.ix (one in Carnegie Museum).
Niconiades xanthaphes Hubner. 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 13.viii.
*Niconiades viridis vista Evans. 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 12.viii. This subspecies previously has been recorded from Nicaragua (Evans, 1955).
*Saliana esperi Evans. 1 $ : El Jaral, Cortes; 9.viii.
Unidentified Specimens
In addition to those specimens reported above, three others (a S without the abdomen and two $ ) could not be identified. These skippers are all Hesperiinae and are referable to Evans' (1955) "Group J."
Literature Cited
Bell, E. L., 1934. Studies in the Pyrrhopyginae, with descriptions of several new
species (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera, Hesperiidae). Part III. Jour. New York
Ent. Soc, 42: 393-441. Evans, W. H., 1951. A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae ... in the British
Museum (Natural History). Part I. Introduction and Group A, Pyrrhopyginae.
London, Trustees British Mus.: v + 92 pp.
1952. Ibid. Part II. (Groups B, C, D). Pyrginae, Sect. 1. London, Trustees British Mus.: v + 178 pp.
1953. Ibid. Part III. (Groups E, F, G). Pyrginae, Sect. 2. London, Trustees British Mus.: v + 246 pp.
1955. Ibid. Part IV. (Groups H to P). Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. London,
Trustees British Mus.: v + 499 pp. Monroe, R. S., G. N. Ross and R. N. Williams, 1967. A report on two recent
collections of butterflies from Honduras. Jour. Lepid. Soc, 21: 185-197. Tilden, J. W., 1965. Urbanus procne and Urbanus simplicity (Hesperiidae). Jour.
Lepid. Soc, 19: 53-55. Williams, R. C, Jr., 1927. Studies in the Neotropical Hesperioidea (Lepidoptera).
Paper II. Trans. American Ent. Soc, 53: 261-292.
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