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244
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Nielsen: Thymelicus goes west
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Vol. 20, no. 4
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It is interesting to speculate on how this population arrived and how long it has been established at Fort William; likewise, one may wonder whether or not the species will persist in this rather cold climate. Several of the new locations of lineola have been reported along main highways or railroads (Thomas, 1952). The Fort William collecting site is located between Highway 61 and tracks of the Canadian Pacific Railroad, both main arteries of tourism and commerce. Also, the site is a few city blocks from the largest grain terminal on the Great Lakes, which receives ships from all over the world, ma ay passing through lineola-poipulsLted southeastern Michigan and Ontario. The railroad might offer the most likely route of introduction, in the form of eggs, larvae, or pupae, in hay shipped separately or used to feed livestock en route. Furthermore, empty boxcars or touring automobiles could offer a mode of transportation, for trapped adults from the population at Sault Ste. Marie, about two days' travel.
It appears that A. lineola could be making an appearance in other communities in the upper Great Lakes in the coming years. Collectors in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin, as elsewhere in Ontario, should be on the alert for this skipper, especially in those communities along principal routes of travel. No field or city lot is too small to harbor this species. Perhaps it is just a matter of time before this minute traveler reaches the Mississippi River and points farther west.
Literature Cited
Apter, R. L., & J. M. Burns, 1965. First Connecticut records of Thymelicus lineola, an introduced hesperiid. Jour. Lepid. Soc, 19: 195—196.
Hensel, H., 1966. A colony of the European skipper Thymelicus lineola (Hes-periidae) at Edmundston, New Brunswick. Jour. Lepid Soc, 20(1): 28.
Klots, A. B., 1951. A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Nforth America, East of the Great Plains. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, xvi -f- 349 pp., 40 pis.
Muller, J., 1958. Thymelicus lineola, a European skipper (Hesperiidae), new for New Jersey. Lepid. News, 12: 174.
Riotte, J. C. E., 1962. Adopaea lineola (Hesperiidae) now also in northern Ontario. Jour. Lepid. Soc, 16: 62.
Thomas, E. S., 1952. A European skipper, Adopaea lineola, at Columbus, Ohio. Lepid. News, 6: 92-93.
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Book Notice BUTTERFLIES OF THE DELAWARE VALLEY, by Arthur M. Shapiro. 79 pp., illus. Special Publication of the American Entomological Society. 1966. Available from the Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia. $1.50.
This work deals primarily with the 126 species of butterflies and skippers found within 35 miles of Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and emphasizes local distribution and habitats. Keys and drawings should permit identification of almost all species. A far more valuable publication than most local lists, and one which any entomologist in the area would find useful.—Peter F. Bellinger, San Fernando Valley State College, Northridge, California.
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