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RECENT LITERATURE ON LEPIDOPTERA
(Under the supervision of PETER F. BELLINGER)
Under this heading are included abstracts of papers and books of interest to lepidopterists. The world's literature is searched systematically, and it is intended that every work on Lepidoptera published after 1946 will be noticed here; omissions of papers more than 3 or 4 years old should be called to Dr. BELLINGER'S attention. New genera and higher categories are shown in CAPITALS, with types in parentheses; new species and subspecies are noted, with type localities if given in print. Larval foodplants are usually listed. Critical comments by abstractors may be made. Papers of only local interest and papers from The Lepidopterists' News are listed without abstract. Readers, particularly outside of North America, interested in assisting with this very large task, are invited to write Dr. BELLINGER (University College of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew, Jamaica, B.W.I.). Abstractors' initials are as follows: [P.B.] — P. F. BELLINGER; [I.C.] — I. F. B. Common; [A.D.] — A. Diakonoff; [W.H.] — W. Hackman; [J.M.] — J. MOUCHA; [E.M.] — E. G. MUNROE; [N.O.] — N. S. OBRAZTSOV; [C.R.] — C. L. REMINGTON; [J.T.] — J. W. TlLDEN; [P.V.] — P. E. L. VlETTE.
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D. VARIATION AND GENETICS
Sicher, Harrv, "A mutant of Strymon titus titus." Lepid. Neivs, vol. 6: p. 107. 19 Feb. 1953.
Vazquez G., Leonila, "Observaciones sobre pieridos mexicanos, con descripciones de algunas formas nuevas" [in Spanish]. Ann. Inst. Biol. Mexico, vol. 19: pD. 469-484, 4 figs. 1948. Notes on variation in 8 spp. Names a number of "forms". [P.B.]
Warnecke, G., "Neu2eitliche Formen unter den Lepidopteren der Nordseekiisten" [in German]. Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 569-574, figs. March 1953. Discusses forming of pale colored beach forms of certain Macrolepidoptera in the North Sea region, apparently quite recently, viz. in the postglacial period. Criticizes B. P. BEIKNE'S conclusions on the origin of similar forms in England. [A.D.]
Wohlfahrt, Th. A., "Untersuchungen iiber die zeitliche Variabilitat des Segelfalters {Iphiclides podalirius L., Lep.)" [in German]. Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 165-168, 1 fig., tables. March 1953. Abbreviation of the paper read at the special meeting of The Lepidopterists' Society; cf. Lepid. Neivs, vol. 6: pp. 13-27.
E. DISTRIBUTION AND PHENOLOGY
Baeta-Neves, C. M., "Nota sobre a entomofauna dos produtos armazenados na ilha da Madeira" [in Portuguese]. Portug. Acta Biol. (B), vol.4: pp.346-350. 2 Oct. 1954. Ephestia kuhniella, in cured tobacco, new to Madeira. [P.B.]
Bauer, Heinrich, "Larentia clavaria Haw. (Ortholotha cervinata Schiff.) in Nordbayern (Lep. Geom.)" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.74-77. 15 Aug. 1954. Discusses records in Bavaria and biology. [N.O.]
Berger, L. A., "Contribution a l'etude des Pieridae du Liberia" [in French]. Bull. Inst. franc. Afr. Noire, vol. 16: pp.1031-1034. Oct. 1954. List of 19 Pieridas collected in Liberia, with addition of 2 spp. of Lycasnidse. [P.V.]
Bernardi, G., "Lepidopteres Pierides" in "La reserve naturelle integrale du Nimba" [•'-» French]. Mem.Inst, franc. Afr. Noire, no.40: pp.355-358. 19 Nov. 1954. List of species collected in the Nimba Mts. (French Guinea). [P.V.]
Blais, J. R., et al., "Effects of weather on the forest tent caterpillar Malacosoma disstria Hbn., in central Canada in the spring of 1953." Canad. Ent., vol.87: pp.1-8, 3 figs. 28 Jan. 1955. Epidemic populations in Ontario and eastern Manitoba were drastically reduced by unfavorable spring weather. In Ontario larvae were killed by a period of freezing weather following early favorable temperatures. In Manitoba prolonged cool wet weather after hatching was the main lethal factor. The parasite Sarcophaga aldrichii was not affected by the weather and caused further reduction of the residual population. [E.M.J
Bradley, J.D., "New British moths." Country Life, vol.116: p.1778, 2 figs. 18 Nov. 1954. Hydnecia hucherardi, Adoxophyes orana, Tinea columbariella, new to Britain. [P.B.]
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162 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Chapman, John A., "Observations on snow insects in western Montana." Canad. Ent., vol.86: pp.357-363, 1 fig. 7 Sept. 1954. Females of Operophtera sp. (near or = occidentalis) on fresh snow in October. [E.M.]
Daniel, F., "Effects de la periode glaciaire sur le cycle evolutif de nos Lepidopteres et considerations generales a propos de la multiplicite des generations annuelles" [in French]. Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse, 1954: pp.25-29- April 1954. Effects of the glacial period on the evolutive cycle of Lepidoptera and general considerations about the multiplicity of the yearly emergences. [P.V.]
Dufay, C, "Une geometride nouvelle pour la faune francaise: Boarmia viertlii Boh." [in French]. Bull. Soc. Linn. Lyon, vol.23: pp.227-228. Nov. 1954. B. viertlii, described from Hungary, new to France; notes on Eupithecia cooptata and E. spis-silineata. [P.V.]
Eisenberger, F., "Bildet Istmgia roraria F. in Siidbayern eine 2. Generation oder handelt es sich rm 2 Stamme?" [in German). Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent.. vol.3: pp.65-66. 15 July 1954. Presumes 2 independent cycles, not 2 generations. [N.O.]
Esch, Walter, "Bez. 'Kleine Mitteilungen' aus Heft Nr. 7, 2Jhrg., und Nr. 1, 3Jhrg." [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: p.96. 15 Sept. 1954. Records of Lyman-tria monacha ab. "eremita" and ab. "nigra" in S. Bavaria. [N.O.]
Evans, W. H., "Lepidopteres hesperiides" in "La reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimbi" [in French]. Mem. Inst, franc. Afr. Noire, no.40: pp.343-346. 19 Nov. 1954. Study of a collection of Hesperiidas made in the Nimba Mts. (French Guinea). [P.V.]
Foltin, Hans, "Beitrag zur Fauna von Oberosterreich. Abschliessender Beitrag zur Fauna des Muhiviertels" fin German]. Heits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.154-160. 15 June 1953. New records. [N.O.]
Freund, A., "Vertikalverbreitung von Pionea lutealis Hb. (Pyralidae, Microlepidopt.)" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.22-23, 31-32. 15 Feb., 15 March 1954. Discusses biology and vertical distribution in Bavaria and Austria. [N.O.]
Galvagni, Egon, "Schmetterlinge aus dem westlichen Alpengebiet Niederosterreichs: aus Waidhofen an der Ybbs, Ybbsitz, Lunz und dem Ybbstal, dem Minichholz bei Steyr (N.-O.) und Umgebung; aus Tiirnitz, dem Otschergebiet, Annaberg und der Walster (Prodromus Zone 1 und 4). Nachtrage, Erganzungen und Erweiterungen zu Dr. med. Orl Schawerdas Lepidopterenfauna des slid westlichen Winkels von Niederosterreich 1913 und 1915 und Franz Saurucks Nachtragen dazu 1927 und 1928" [in German]. TLeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.201-206. 15 Aug. 1953. Records, species, and localities new for the area. [N.O.]
Hayek, Walter, "Erstmaliger Nachweis der TLygcena Iceta Hb. im Fohrenwald bei Wiener Neustadt" [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: p.333. 15 Dec. 1953. First record since 1930. [N.O.]
Herbulot, C, "Confirmation de l'existence de Sterrha fathmaria en France" [in French]. Entomologiste, vol.10: p.91. Nov. 1954. New localities in France of S. fathmaria, described from North Africa. [P.V.]
Kusdas, Karl, "Ein Beitrag zur Schmetterlingsfauna des Ennsdorfer Gebietes in Niederosterreich" [in German]. Xeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.75-77, 103-106, 128-130, 145-147. 1 April, 30 April, 15 May, 15 June 953. Annotated list.
Loberbauer, Rudolf, "Gedanken zur geplanten Neuherausgabe der Lepidopteren-Fauna von Oberosterreich" [in German]. Xeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.185-191. 15 July 1953. Discusses the recent status of the Lepidoptera studies in Upper Austria and makes proposals for future work. [N.O.]
Tsesche, Rudolf, & Friedhelm Korte, "Uber Pteridine. IX. Mitteil.: Zur Kenntnis des sogen. fluorescyannins" [in German]. Chem. Berichte, vol. 87: pp.1713-1719. 1954.
MacNay, C. G., "New records of insects in Canada in 1952: a review." Canad. Ent., vol.86: pp.55-60. 10 March 1954. Notes as new to North America: Cacoecia oporana (L.) (Tortricidse, Europe), Vancouver, B.C.; Monopis ferruginella Hbn. (Europe), Vancouver; Qnephasia virgaureana Tr. (Tortricidae, Europe), St. Johns, Nfld. Aphomia gularis was found infesting a warehouse at Vancouver, the only previous Canadian record having been from Montreal in 1934. Phlegethontius quinquemaculatus was found for the first time in Sask., and Rhyacionia buoliana in P. E. I. and Nfld. [E.M.]
Mathewman, W. G., D. G. Harcourt, & J. P. Perron, "Timing of DDT applications for control of caterpillars on cabbage." Canad. Ent., vol.84: pp.346-352. 28 Nov. 1952. Gives incidental notes on seasonal cycles of 3 spp. In 1950, Pieris rapce declined sharply in numbers early in August. This happens in many years as the result of natural control. Plutella maculipennis increased sharply at about the same time, while Trichoplusia ni remained at consistently low numbers. [E.M.]
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Menhofer, Herbert, "Interessante Falterfunde in Nordbayern" [in German]. Nacbrbl.
Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.102-103, 108-110, 119-125. 15 Oct., 15 Nov., 15 Dec.
1954. New records in N. Bavaria; annotated list. [N.O.] Pfister, Hermann, "Beobachtungen an den Scoparien der bayerischen Fauna (Lepid.,
Pyralid.)" [in German], Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.117-119. 15 Dec. 1954.
Discusses the most interesting of the Bavarian Scoparia species and new records. [N.O.J Prose, Herbert, "Thiiringische Faunenelemente im bayrischen Vogtland" [in German].
Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.79-80, 86-89. 15 Aug., 15 Sept. 1954. Discusses
zoogeographical problems. [N.O.] Reiss, Hugo, "Uber drei Zygamen, die als regressive Endemiten bezeichnet werden
konnen, deren Entstehung vermutlich in der Pliozanzeit erfolgte" [in German].
'Letts. Wiener Ent. Ges.. vol.38: pp. 131-141, 3 figs., 3 pis. 15 May 1953. Discusses
the geological age of Lygama elegans Bgff., Z. giesekingiana Reiss, and Z. vesubiana
Le Charles, on the basis of their recent distribution. Figures various species of the
genus, their subspecies, and other forms. [N.O.] Reisser, Hans, "Weitere Notizen zur Lepidopterenfauna Niederosterreichs" [in German].
Letts. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.247-250. 15 Sept. 1953. New localities. [N.O.] Ronniger, Hermann, "Ein neuer Fund von Grammodes stolida F. in Nieder-Osterreich"
[in German]. Letts. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: p.321. 15 Dec. 1953. New record
near Vienna. [N.O.] Rougeot", P. C, "Lepidopteres saturniides" in "La reserve naturelle integrale du Mont
Nimba." [in French]. Mem. Inst. Franc. Afr. Noire, no.40: pp.339-341. 19 Nov.
1954. List of a collection of Saturniidae from the Nimba Mts. (French Guinea).
[P.V.] Schiitze, Edward, "Eupithecien-Studien V. (Lep. Geom.). Kurze faunistische Mitteilun-
gen" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.114-117. 15 Dec. 1954. New
records, distributional and biological notes on 7 European spp. [N.O.J Schwingenschuss, Leo, "Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna von Niederosterreich: St.
Peter i. d. Au, Seitenstetten und Umgebung" [in German]. Letts. Wiener Ent.
Ges., vol.38: pp.37-39- 77-78, 101-103, 142-144, 170-176, 196-198, 217-223, 251-
255, 282-287, 309-311. 1 March, 1 April, 30 April, 15 May, 15 June, 15 July,
15 Aug., 15 Sept., 15 Oct., 15 Nov. 1953. Annotated list of 599 Macrolepidoptera
and 64 Microlepidoptera. Names some aberrations. [N.O. | Stempffer, H., "Lepidopteres Lycaenides (2,',"° note)" in "La reserve naturelle integrale
du Mont Nimba" [in French]. Mem. Inst, franc. Afr. Noire, no.40: pp.347-354.
19 Nov. 1954. Second note on the Lycaenidse collected in the Nimba Mts. (French
Guinea). [P.V.] Urbahn, Ernst, "1953, ein Jahr uberzahlinger Faltergenerationen" [in German]. Nachrbl.
Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.27-31, 36-38, 45-47. 15 March, 15 April, 15 May 1954.
Discusses the cause of odd generations in several species in Germany in 1953- [N.O.] Wagner, Hans, "Harmodia tephroleuca Bsd. und Rhyacia castanea f. cerasina Frr. in
den bayerischen Voralpen" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent.. vol.3: pp.41-45.
15 May 1954. Discusses occurrence of the above and some other species in the
Alps. [N.O.]
F. BIOLOGY AND IMMATURE STAGES
Abdel-Malek, Albert, & Edward A. Steinhaus, "Invasion route of Nosema sp. in the Potato Tuberworm, as determined by ligaturing." Journ. ParasitoL, vol. 34: pp. 452-453. 16 Nov. 1948. Microsporidian penetrates wall of gut of Gnorimoschema. [P. B.l
Acatay, Abdulgafur, "Ein Zederschadling: Acalla undulana Wlsgm." [in German]. Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 708-710, 6 figs. March 1953. Gives life-history and describes injury to Cedrus in South Anatolia (Asia Minor). [A. D.].
Alayo, Pastor, "Notas sobre la Colobura dirce (Linn.) (Lepidoptera-Nymphalidae)" [in Spanish]. Bol. Hist. Nat. Soc. Cub ana Hist. Nat. "Felipe Poey", vol. 1: p. 97. Sept. 1950. Life history notes; foodplant Cecropia. [P. B.]
Alexseiev, V. A., & V. E. Murav'ev, 'An experiment in rearing the Chinese Oak Silkworm (Anthercea pernyi Guer.-Men.) on leaves of certain varieties of willows" [in Russian]. Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk im. Lenina, vol. 13, no. 11: pp. 37-41, 2 figs. 1948. [Not seen.]
Aliber:, Henri, "Les insectes vivant sur les cacaoyers en Afrique occidentale" [in French]. Mem. Inst, frang. Afr. Notre, no. 15: 174 pp., 7 pis., 210 figs. 15 Nov. 1951. Detailed descriptions of all spp. known to attack coffee plants, including 40 Lepidop-tera. Discusses biology; figures some adults and early stages. [P. B.]
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164 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Allen, Robert P., "Occurrence of Ugly-nest Caterpillar in California." Bull. Calif. Dept.
Agric, vol. 62: pp. 165-170, figs. 1953. Photos of adults, egg masses, larvae, pupae
and nests; drawings of S and 9 genitalia; Archips cerasivorana (Tortricidae). [J. T.] Ananthanarayanan, K. R., "A short note on the Eugenia leaf caterpillar Carea subtilis
Wlk." Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 50: pp. 418-421, fig. Dec. 1951.
Describes early stages. [P. B.] Angus, T. A., "A bacterial toxin paralyzing silkworm larvae." Nature, vol. 173: pp.
545-546. 20 March 1954. Anonymous, "Insect pests of maize." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. 60: pp. 258-262,
5 figs. 1 May 1949- Brief notes on Cirphis unipuncta, Heliothis armigera, Dichoc-
rocis punctiferalis, Batrachedra rileyi, Sitotroga cerealella, and their control. [P. B.] Anonymous, "The Orange-barred Grass Moth (Eutane terminalis)." Agric. Gaz. N. S.
Wales, vol. 61: pp. 89-90, 3 figs. 1 Feb. 1950. Reprinted in vol. 63: p. 98; Feb.
1953. Life history (Arctiidae). Anonymous, "Introduccion de insectos beneficiosos para combatir una plaga grave de la
caha de azucar en Venezuela" [in Spanish]. Agr. Venezolana, no. 146: pp. 40-42,
4 figs. Sept. 1950. Describes damage done by Diatrcee larvae and discusses biological control [P. B.] Anonymous, "The Peach Tip Moth (Cydia molesta)." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. 62:
pp. 422-423, 2 figs. 1 Aug. 1951. Biology and control. Anonymous, "The Common Grain Moth (Sitotroga cerealella)." Agric. Gaz. N. S.
Wales, vol. 62: pp. 473-475, 3 figs. 1 Sept. 1951. Biology and control. Anonymous, "The Bag-shelter Moth (Ochrogaster contraria)." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales,
vol. 62: pp. 597-599, 6 figs. 1 Nov. 1951. Biology and control; on Acacia pendula.
[P. B.] Anonymous, "The Potato Moth (Gnorimoschema operculella)." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales,
vol. 62: pp. 664-667, 3 figs. 1 Dec. 1951. Biology and control. Anonymous, "Codling Moth (Cydia pomonella)." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. 63:
pp. 422-425:, 430, 4 figs. 1 Aug. 1952. Biology and control. Anonymous, "The Heliothis caterpillar (Heliothis armigera). The Grape-vine Moth
(Phalcenoides glycine), A tussock moth (Orgyia anartoides)." Agric. Gaz. N. S.
Wales, vol. 63: pp. 662-669, 9 figs. Dec 1952. Biology and control. Anonymous, "Insect pests of the Kurrajong." Agric. Gaz, N. S. Wales, vol. 64: pp,
95-97, 6 figs. Feb. 1953. Biology of Sylepta clytusalis on this tree. [P. B.] Anonymous, "A false-looper." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. 64: pp. 147-148, 1 fig,
March 1953. Plusia chalcites, biology and control. Anonymous, "La mosca amazonica en Venezuela" [in Spanish]. Agricultor VenezoL,
vol. 17, no. 160: pp. 4-5, 10 figs. March 1953. Report on successful introduction of
dipterous parasites of Diatrcea. Figures larvae of latter and adults of 5 spp., and larvae
and adults of 2 spp. of parasites. [P. B.] Anonymous, "The Mottled Cup Moth." Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. 64: p. 265, 1 fig.
May 1953. Doratifera vulnerans; on Eucalyptus and Tristania. [P. B.] Anonymous, "Los taladradores de la caha de azucar y su control biologico" [in Spanish].
Agricultor Venezolano, vol. 19, no. 172; pp. 34-37, 6 figs. Oct. 1954. Biological
control of Diatraea spp. in Venezuela. [P. B.] Atkins, E. Lawrence, "Fruit Tree Leaf Roller on citrus." Calif. Citrograph, vol. 36:
pp. 246, 254. April 1951. Archips argyrospila; Biology and control Atkins, E. Lawrence, "Biology and control of Orangeworms." Calif. Citrograph, vol. 36:
pp. 270, 288-291. May 1951. Argyrotcenia citrana, Pyroderces rileyi, Holcocera ice-
ryceella, Platynota stultana. Averkiev, I. S., "Experiments in breeding of Anthercea pernyi in Mariiskaia ASSR"
[in Russian]. Priroda, vol. 36, no. 3: pp. 65-67. 1947. [Not seen.] Averkiev, I. S., "Lengthening of the hibernation period of cocoons of the Tussah Moth
(Anthertea pernyi Guer.) and its significance to northern sericulture" [in Russian].
Zool. Zhurn., vol. 33: pp. 644-647. May-June 1954. [Not seen]. Avidov, Z., "Biological and ecological studies on the Codling Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella L.) in Israel" [in Hebrew, English summary pp. 43-51]. Ktavim, vol. 2/3:
pp. 155-189, 3 figs. Dec. 1952. Baker, H. G., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Melandrium (Roehling em.) Fries.
(Lychnis L. (1753) partim.)." Journ. Ecol, vol. 35: pp. 271-292, 5 figs. Dec.
1947. Larval foodplant of Eupithecia venosata, Hydriomena affinitata, H. decolorata,
Harmodia capsincola, H. cucubali, H, nana, Phthorimcea viscariella. Records also
spp. visiting flowers. [P. B.]
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Balch, R. E., "The Spruce Budworm and aerial forest spraying." Canad. Geogr. Journ.,
vol. 45: pp. 200-209, 16 figs. 1952. Good figures of larva, pupa, and adult. [P. B.] Bauer, David L., "Butterflies at water holes in central Arizona." Lepid. News, vol. 7:
pp. 146-147. 12 Feb. 1954. Beall, Geoffrey, & Richard R. Rescia, "A generalization of Neyman's contagious distributions." Biometrics, vol. 9: pp. 354-386, 2 figs. Sept. 1953. Mathematical development of a family of frequency distributions applicable to the occurrence of animals
in nature, where the presence of one animal increases the likelihood of others being
present; applied to occurrence of Pyrausta nubilalis. [P. B.] Beaufoy, S., & E. M., "Britain's rarest native butterfly?" Country Life, vol. 117: p.
1242, 6 figs. 12 May 1955. Biology of Strymonidia pruni. [P. B.] Beck, Edwin G., "The histology and biology of the Solidago gall caused by the larva of
Gnorimoschema gall ce solid a ginis." Amer. Journ. Bot., vol. 36: p. 794. Dec. 1949-
Abstract only. Beebe, William, "Two little-known selective insect attractants." Zoologica, N. Y., vol.
40: pp. 27-32, 4 pis. 14 May 1955. Reports strong attraction of Danaidas, Ithomiidae,
Euchromiidae, & Arctiidse (but no other families) to dried wild heliotrope plants;
also attraction of Nymphalidae, Morphidae, and Brassolidae to lesions in tangerine trees
caused by disease. Species listed; some photographs of feeding insects. [P. B.] Bengry, R. P., "Some observations on the noctuid moth Xanthophastis timais Cramer."
Nat. Hist. Notes Nat. Hist. Soc. Jamaica, no. 46: p. 208, figs. Jan. 1951. Life
history; food plant Hymenocallis caribcea. [P. B.] Benham, Rhoda W., & Jose L. Miranda, "The genus Beauvena, morphological and tax-
onomic studies of several species and of two strains isolated from wharf-piling borers."
Mycologia, vol. 45: pp. 737-746, 5 figs. Sept./Oct. 1953. Mainly on B. bassiana,
parasite of the Silkworm. [P. B.] Benkevich, V. I., "Spots of the greatest concentration of Gypsy Moth egg deposits" [in
Russian]. Les i Step', vol. 4, no. 12: p. 75. Dec. 1952. [Not seen.] Berezina, V. M., "Method of using bait rings in attracting Lymantria monacha during the
oviposition period" [in Russian]. Shorn. Trud. Inst. Zasbch. Rast. Leningrad, vol. 1:
pp. 161-162. 1948. [Not seen.] Berezina, V. M., Winter cutworm (Euxoa segetum)—pest of shelter belts [in Russian].
23 pp. Moscow. 1949. [Not seen.] Berg, Clifford Osburn, "Limnological relations of insects to plants of the genus Potam-
ogeton." Microfilm Abs., vol. 9, no. 2: pp. 187-188. 1949. Abstract only. Bergamin, J., "A broca da cana de acucar" [in Portuguese, English summary]. Brasil
Agucareiro, vol. 32: pp. 493-498, 595-612, 18 figs. Nov., Dec. 1948. Biology of
Diatrcea saccharalis; figures all stages and 4 parasites. [P. B.] Berger, L. A., "Note sur les moeurs d'Augiades venata Bremer-Grey" [in French.]
Lambillionea, vol. 52: pp. 73-75. "1952" [1953]. Note on the rejection of a liquid
by the anus and its absorbtion by the proboscis in the Hesperiidse. [P. V.| Bergold, Gemot, "Die Isolierung des Polyeder-Virus und die Natur der Polyeder" [in
German]. Zeitschr. Naturforsch., vol. 2b: pp. 122-143, 3 figs. 1947. Molecular
weights of virus and polyhedral body proteins from Bombyx mori, Porthetria dispar,
and Lymantria monacha. [P. B.] Bergold, Gemot, "Biindelformige Ordnung von Polyederviren" [in German]. Zeitschr.
Naturforsch., vol. 3b: pp. 25-26, 13 figs. 1948. Electron microscope studies of
polyhedral disease virus. [P. B.j Bergold, Gemot, "Inaktivierung des Polyeder-Virus durch Kollidon" [in German].
Zeitschr. Naturforsch., vol. 3b: pp. 300-301. 1948. Reports detoxifying effect of
this substance on polyhedral virus. [P. B.J Bergold, Gemot, "Uber die Kapselvirus-Krankheit" [in German]. Zeitschr. Naturforsch.,
vol. 3b: pp. 338-342, 13 figs. 1948. Virus disease of Cacoecia murinana Hb.
[P. B.J Bergold, G. H., "The multiplication of insect viruses as organisms." Canad. Journ.
Res., Sect. E, vol. 28: pp. 5-11, 4 pis. Feb. 1950. Pathogens of Porthetria, Bombyx,
Choristoneura, Cacoecia. [P. B.] Bergold, Gemot, & Hans Friedrich-Freksa, "Zur Grosse und Serologic des Bombyx-mori-
Polyedervirus" [in German]. 'Zeitschr. Naturforsch., vol. 2b: pp. 410-414. 1947.
On identity and particle size of polyhedral virus. [P. B.] Biezanko, Ceslau M., & Rubens E. Bertholdi, "Principals Noctuideos prejudiciais as
plantas cultivadas em arredores de Pelotas." Rev. Agronomia, vol. 10: pp. 235-246,
2 pis. 1951. Brief notes on 24 spp. of injurious noctuids of Pelotas, Brasil, with
figures of 20 spp. [C. R.]
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166 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Biliotti, E., P. Grison, & R. Silvestre de Sacy, "Observations sur le cycle evolutif de la Processionaire du Pin, Thaumatopoea pityocampa Schiff. (Lep. Notodontidae)" [in French]. Bull. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 58: pp. 30-32. 1953. Notes on the life-history of T. pityocampa in different parts of France. [P. V.]
Blackman, G. E., & A. J. Rutter, "Biological flora of the British Isles. Endymion Dum." Journ. EcoL, vol. 42: pp. 629-638, 5 figs. July 1954. Records Phtheochroa maculo-sana feeding on seeds of E. nonscriptus. [P.B.]
Blok, I. B., "Disinfection of the seed of the Oak Silkworm with ultraviolet light" [in Russian]. Visnyk Akad. Nauk URSR, vol. 23: pp. 53-55. 1951. [Not seen.]
Blunck, H., "Uber die bei Pieris brassicce L., ihren Parasieten und Hyperparasieten schmarotzenden Microsporidien" [in German]. Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 432-438, 2 figs. March, 1953.
Boehm, F., "filevage ab ovo de Zygcena transalpina subsp. astragali" [in French]. Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse, Sept./Oct. 1953: pp. 57-60.
Boucek, Z., & J. Sedivy, "Die Hymenopteren-Parasiten von Hypbantria cunea Drury in der Tchechoslowakei" [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 3-' pp- 169-189, 10 figs. Sept. 1954. Records hymenopterous parasites of eggs & nymphs of H. cunea from Czechoslovakia. [J. M.]
Bourquin, Fernando, "Cuatro notas sobre metamorfosis de microlepidopteros. I. Aris-totelia. perplexa Clarke. II. Parastega hemisigna Clarke. III. Porphyrosela sp. IV. Darlia prcetexta Clarke" [in Spanish, French summaries]. Acta. Zool. Lilloana, vol. 12: pp. 509-518, 4 pis. "1951" [15 Oct. 1952]. Describes and figures all stages available, and describes habits. Food plants: A. perplexa {Mimosa Bonplandii); P. hemisigna (Ligustrum); D. prcetexta {Polygonum pessicaroides). Records parasites of Porphyrosela sp. and D. prcetexta. [P. B.]
Bourquin, Fernando, "Notas sobre la metamorfosis de Antispastis clarki Pastrana 1951 [i.e. 1952] (Lep. Glyphipterygidae) " [in Spanish, French summary]. Acta Zool. Lilloana, vol. 12: pp. 523-526, 1 pi., 1 fig. "1951" [15 Oct. 1952]. Describes early stages and habits; foodplant Solanum bonariense. [P.B.]
Bourquin, Fernando, "Metamorfosis de Amastus prosenii Kohler 1949 (Lep. fam. Arctiidae )" [in Spanish, French summary]. Acta Zool. Lilloana, vol. 12: pp. 527-532, 1 pi. "1951" [15 Oct. 1952]. Describes early stages and habits; figures larva, pupa, and adults. Foodplants Rumex pulcher, Lactuca sativa. [P.B.]
Bourquin, Fernando, "Metamorfosis de Megalopyge lanceolata Dogn. 1923 (Lep. Mega-lopygidae)" [in Spanish, French summary]. Acta. Zool. Lilloana, vol. 12: pp. 533-538, 1 pi., 1 fig. "1951" [15 Oct. 1952]. Describes and figures all stages; foodplants: roser. and Leguminosae. [P. B. |
Box, Harold E., "Investigaciones sobre los taladradores de la cana de azucar {Diatrcea spp.) en Venezuela. Informe del progreso durante 1947-1949" [in Spanish, English summary]. Bol. Tec. Sec. Cana Azucar. Min. Agric. Venezuela, no. 2: 60 pp., 3 maps. Sep:. 1949. Distribution, host plants, and parasites of Venezuelan spp. [P. B.]
Box, Harold E., "The biological control of insect pests of sugar cane, with special reference to the West Indian region." Journ. Agric. Soc. Trinidad Tobago, vol. 52: pp. 183-200. June 1952. History of control of Diatrcea spp., Castnia licoides, and other insects by parasites. [P. B.]
Box, Harold E.? "The control of sugar cane moth borers (Diatrcea) in Venezuela—a preliminary account." Trop. Agric. vol. 30: pp. 97-113. Apr./June 1953. Biological control and biology of parasites. [P. B.]
Break, Jaroslav, "Beitrag zur Morphologie der Raupe des Apfelwicklers" [in Czech, Russian & English summaries!. Acta. Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice, vol. 50: pp. 17-28, 6 figs. 20 Jan. 1954. Describes larva of Carpocapsa pomonella. C. pyrivora is not found in Czechoslovakia. [J. M.]
Break, J, "Nonparasitical mortality in the progeny of some Lepidoptera" [in Czech, Russian & English summaries]. Folia 'Zool. Ent., vol. 2: pp. 159-166, 4 figs. Oct. 1955. Discusses the nonparasitical mortality of eggs and caterpillars of Plusia gamma, Spil-osoma lubricipeda, Ourapteryx sambucaria, Acidalia aversata. Lymantria monacha, Ncenic typica, Cybosia mesomella, Pachytelia unicolor. [J. M.]
Breniere, J., "Les principaux insectes nuisibles a la canne a sucre dans les territoires et departements francais d'outre mer" [in French]. Agron. Trop., vol. 8: pp. 354-362, 5 figs. July/Aug. 1953. Describes appearance and biology of Sesamia vuteria and Diatrcec*. saccharalis, on sugar cane; records some parasites. [P. B.]
Brown, Earl E., "Life cycle of Lesser Apple Worm in northeastern Oregon." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 46.: p. 163. Feb. 1953. Grapholitha prunivora.
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Burmann, Karl, "Der 'Matterhornbarenspinner' (Orodemnias cervini Fall.) ein schutz-
bediirftiger Schmetterling unserer Heimat" [in German]. Ent. Nachrbl., vol. 3:
pp. 173-177. Oct./Nov. 1951. Describes extremely rigorous conditions to which
this high alpine species is exposed—including serious overcollecting. [P. B.] Burmann, Karl, "Eine Zucht von Cidaria (Larentia) kollariaria H. S. (Lepidoptera,
Geometridae)" [in German]. Ent. Nachrbl., vol. 3: pp. 185-188. Oct./Nov. 1951.
Records rearing of this moth on Valeriana spp. [P.B.] Burmann, Karl, "Aus dem Leben der Pieris call/dice Esp.—Falter" [in German]. Ent.
Nachrbl., vol. 4: pp. 81-84. Apr./Dec. 1952. Flight period and adult habits in
high Alps. [P. BJ Burmann, Karl, "Aus dem Leben von Semioscopis anella Hb. (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidas)"
[in German]. Zeits. Wiener. Ent. Ges., vol. 38: pp. 27-30. 1 March 1953. Notes
on flight habits of this early species (seen flying at 4° C!); records mating of ? with
S of related S. avellanella. [P. B.] Burmann, Karl, "Die Entwicklung von Endrosa-Arten in zwei getrennten Stammen
(Lepidoptera, Arctiidas)" [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 38: pp.72-75,
2 figs. 1 April 1953. Reports 2 local flight periods (May, July) in E. aurita ssp;
thinks development requires one year and population consists of two separate strains
with staggered adult stage. [P. B.] Buzacott, J. H., "Insects associated with sugar cane in New Guinea." Techn. Commun.
Bureau of Sugar Exp. Sta. Queensland, 1953, nos. 1/2: pp. 23-30. Records Melanitis
ledc\ bankia, Phragmatiphila truncata, and Cosmopteryx sp. [P. B.] Cannon, R. C, "Investigations in the control tof the Potato Tuber Moth, Gnorimoschema
operculella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidas) in north Queensland." Queensland
Journ, Agric. Sci., vol. 5: pp. 107-124. Including biological notes. Cannon, R. C, & A. Hegarty, "An outbreak of grass webworm in Atherton Tableland
pastures." Queensland Agric. Journ., vol. 65: pp. 402-405, 5 figs. 1 Dec. 1947.
Biology and control of Calamotropha leptogramella. Casey, Jewell, "Do you know what they are?" Frontiers, vol. 12: pp. 110-111, 6 figs.
Apr. 1948. Figures pupse and adults of Monarch and Polyphemus Moth. [P. B.] Cepelak, Jiff, "p"' contribution a la connaissance des tachinaires tcheques (Dipt. Call-
iph.)" [in Czech, Russian & French summaries]. Acta Soc. Ent. £echoslovenice,
vol. 49: pp. 81-87. 1 Oct. 1952. Cepelak, Jiff, "IIe contribution a la connaissance des tachinaires tcheques (TDipt.
Larvasvoridae)" [in Czech, Russian and French summaries]. Acta Soc. Ent. Cecho-
slovenice, vol. 49: pp. 169-180. 15 Nov. 1952. Lists a number of parasite spp.
from Bohemia with remarks on their hosts among lepidopterous larvae. [J. M.] Chiarelli de Gahan, Angelina, & Enrique A. Touron, "Datos biologicos de Proxenus
rionegrensis (i. 1.)" [in Spanish]. Revista Invest. Agric, vol. 4: pp. 139-151, 3 figs.
"Jan." [Oct.] 1950. Detailed description of early stages and biology; figures all stages.
Christensen, J. J., & C. L. Schneider, "European Corn Borer (Pyrausta nubilalis Hbn.) in relation to shank, stalk, and ear rots of corn." Phytopathology, vol. 40: pp. 284-291, 3 figs. Mar. 1950.
Chu, N. F., How to know the immature insects. 234 pp., 631 figs. Dubuque: Win. C. Brown & Co., 1949. A useful illustrated key to families, including both larvae' and pupa? of the more important families of Lepidoptera. General account of immature stages and directions for collecting. [P. B.j
Crich, W. V., "Giant silkworm moths." Canad. Geogr. Journ., vol. 39: pp. 33-35, 3 figs. July 1949- Luna, Cecropia, Polyphemus—photos and notes.
Crosson du Cormier, A., P. Guerin, & H. de Toulgoet, "Nouvelle note sur Boloria aqil-onaris Stichel" [in French]. Rev. franc Lepid., vol. 14: pp. 21-23, 1 pi. 1953. Proof that B. aquilonaris ( — arsilache auct.) is a good species; also biological notes on this species. [P. V.]
Danilevskii, A. S., "Leaf rollers (Laspeyresiinee) damaging seeds of oak and other deciduous varieties in the forested steppe area" [in Russian]. Uchenye Zap. Leningrad Univ. Ser. Biol. Nauk, vol. 25: p. 249. 1950. [Not seen].
Darteville, Edmond, "Sur un hesperide des environs de Leopoldville et remarques sur la valeur alimentaire des chenilles de Lepidopteres" [in French]. Lambillionea, vol 51: pp. 12-16, 18-22, 1 fig. 25 Feb., 25 April 1951. Describes biology of Cceliades libeon, a common and gregarious feeder on various trees; discusses food value of these and other caterpillars, which are eaten by natives. [P. B.]
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168 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Day, M. F., I. B. Common, J. L. Farrant, & Coralie Potter, "A polyhedral disease of a
pasture caterpillar, Pterolocera amplicomis Walker (Anthelidae)." Australian Journ.
Biol. Sci., vol. 6: pp. 574-579, 4pls., lfig. Nov. 1953. Deschamps, M., "Insectes nuisibles aux cultures et insects predateurs recemment observes dans le Nord Cameroon" [in French]. Agronomie Trop., vol. 9*. pp. 174-182.
March/April 1954. Tables of insects attacking cultivated plants, arranged by plant
spp.; includes numerous Lepidoptera (Tineidae, Pyralidae, Gelechiidae, Noctuidae,
Hylophilidae, Arctiida?, Hesperiidae, Nymphalidae); also lists nature of damage done,
and recorded parasites. [P. B.] Dethier, V. G., "Evolution of feeding preferences in phytophagous insects." Evolution,
vol. 8: pp. 33-54, 1 fig. March 1954. Review article, with numerous examples
taken from Lepidoptera. Diadechko, N. P., "Biological methods of controlling coleophorids in orchards" [in
Russian]. Visnyk Akad. Nauk URSR, vol. 25: pp. 68-69. Aug. 1954. Coleophora
hemesabiella. [Not seen]. Dick, W. D., "The life history of the Cupid Blue (Euchrysops cnejus cnejus Waterhouse
and Lyell)." Queensland Nat., vol. 13: pp.79-81. 1947. Dicker, G. H. L., & J. B. Briggs, "A note on the Small Ermine Moth, Yponomeuta
padella malinella Zell." Ann. Rept. E. Mailing Res. Sta., 1951: 172-173, 1 pi. June
1952. Biology and control. Dikasova, E. T., "Investigation of Mulberry Silkworm gut which was obtained from
moths infected with yellow disease" [in Russian]. Mikrobiologiia, vol. 18: pp. 356-
360. July/Aug. 1949. [Not seen.] Dilley, Willard E., "A colorful hawkmoth larva." Everglades Nat. Hist., vol. 1: p. 129-
Sept. 1953. Records Pholus fasciatus feeding on Jussicea peruviana. [P. B.] Docteurs van Leeuwen, W. M., "Door vlinders gevormde gallen" [in Dutch, English
summary]. Tijdschr. Plantenziekten, vol.59: pp. 198-199. 1953. Dodds, J. G., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Plantago coronopus L." Journ. Ecol.,
vol. 41: pp. 467-478, 2 figs. Aug. 1953. Records two spp. of Gelechiidae feeding on
this plant.^ [P. B.] Drachovska-Simanova, Mir., "Insect-parasites on sugar-beet in view of entomology"
[in C2ech, Russian & English summaries]. Folia Ent., vol. 14: pp. 106-119, 7 figs.
1 Oct. 1951. Lists some spp. of Lepidoptera as pests of sugar beet in Czechoslovakia.
U. M.]/ Drachovska-Simanova, M., "Vyskyt makadlenky fepne (Phthorimcea ocellatella Boyd)
na Slovensku" [in Czech, Russian & English summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 1:
pp. 223-229, 1 col. pi. 1952. Biology and control of the sp. in S. Slovakia. [J. M.] Duiven, J. Mart, "Lyonetia clerckella L., de mineerrups van het kerseblad" [in Dutch].
Levende Natuur, vol. 50: pp. 8-9, 2 figs. Jan. 1947. Duiven, J. Mart, "Coleophora ccespititiella, de zakdrager van de trekrups" [in Dutch].
Levende Natuur, vol. 50: pp. 63-64, 1 fig. April 1948. Grechkin, V. P., "Clearwing moths are pests of poplar" [in Russian]. Lesnoe Khoziastvo,
vol. 2, no. 6: pp. 86-90. June 1949. [Not seen]. Greig-Smith, P., "Biological Flora of the British Isles. Urtica L." Journ. Ecol., vol. 36:
pp. 339-355, 5 figs. Dec. 1948. Larval food plant of Hypena proboscidalis, Aglais
urticce, Nymphalis io, Vanessa atalanta, Notarcha ruralis, Eurrhypara urticata, Simcethis
fabriciana. [P. B.] Griot, Mario, & Amelia Icart, "Observaciones sobre 'Balcarcta bergi' Brethes, parasito
del 'bicho de cesto'" [in Spanish]. Revista Invest. Agric, vol. 2: pp. 197-204, 11
figs. "1948" [1949]. Describes all stages and biology of parasite of Oiketicus kirbyi.
[P. B.] Groves, Joan R., "A preliminary account of the Summer Fruit Tortricid, Adoxophyes
orana (F. R.), in Great Britain." Ann. Rept. E. Mailing Res. Sta., 1951: pp. 152-
154, 2 pis. June 1952. Gusev, V. M., "On the destruction of Pyrausta nubilalis larvae by woodpeckers" [in Russian]. Priroda, vol. 36, no. 9: p. 78. Sept. 1947. [Not seen.[ Hackray, J., "filevage de Lampropteryx suffumata Hb." [in French]. Lambillionea,
vol. 52: pp. 47-48. 25 Aug. 1952. Describes rearing on Gallium mollugo. [P. B.] Haggeti, G., "Rhodometra sacraria (Lep. Geometridse) in Great Britain, with particular
reference to its occurrence in west Sussex, 1947." Entomologist, vol. 85: pp. 49-
56. Mar. 1949. Distribution, migration, biology, variation. [P. B.] Haggett, G., "Observations on a colony of Anepia irregularis Hufnagel in Norfolk (Lep.
Noctuidae)." Entomologist, vol. 85: pp. 36-38. Feb. 1952
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1955 The Lepidopterists' News 169
Hall, Irvin M., "Observations on Perezia pyraustce Paillot, a microsporidian parasite of
the European Corn Borer." Parasitol., vol. 38: pp. 48-52, 1 pi. Feb. 1952. Describes life cycle; parasite reared on Junonia cosnia larvae. [P. B.] Hall, W. J., "Insect pests in British colonial dependencies: a half yearly report." FAO
Plant Protect. Bull., vol. 2: pp. 81-82. March 1954. Includes records of various
Lepidoptera: Artona catoxantha (Singapore, on coconut); bollworm and stem borers
in Nigeria; sugar cane pests (Mauritius); fruit moths & coffee leaf miner (Dominica);
Calpodes ethlius, on arrowroot (St. Vincent). [P. B.] Hase, Albrecht, "Uber die Eiablage und Fruchtbarkeit der Hausglucke (Agrotis pronuba)"
[in German]. Natur und Volk, vol. 82: pp. 160-161, 1 fig. 1 May 1952. Reports
egg mass containing nearly 1600 eggs. [P. B.] Hasek, Josef, "Pidalka Pcecilopsis isabellce Harr. puvodce ziru na modfinech" [in Czech].
Acta Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice, vol. 49: pp. 239-240. 15 Dec. 1952. Records larvae
as a pest of Larix in Moravia. [J. M.] Helson, G. A. H., "Outbreaks and new records. July-August 1952. New Zealand."
Plant Prot. Bull., vol. 1: pp. 29-30. Nov. 1952. Selidosema suavis, on Pinus radiata;
Lithocolletis messaniella, on various oaks, beech, etc. Gracilaria azaleella, new to New
Zealand. [P. B.] Hempel, Adolf, "Estudo da alimentacao natural de aves silvestres do Brasil" [in Portuguese,
English summary]. Arq. Inst. Biol. Sao Paulo, vol. 19: pp. 237-268. 1949. Stomach
contents of 280 birds belonging to 63 spp., with special reference to Rhynchotus
rufescens and Nothura maculosa. Lepidoptera not determined below order. [P. B.] Herter, Konrad, "Springbohnen" [in German]. Natur und Volk, vol. 83: pp. 23-
30, 9 figs. 1 Jan. 1953. Biology of Carpocapsa saltitans, the jumping bean caterpillar.
.[P. B.] Hill, A. R., "Insect pests of cultivated raspberries in Scotland." Trans. 9th Int. Congr.
Ent., vol. 1: pp. 589-592. March 1953. Records Lampronia rubiella Bjerk. [A. D.] Hohl, F., "Remarques biologiques" [in French]. Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse 1953: p. 71.
Nov. 1953. Biological notes on Calocampa exoleta, Papilio machaon, Lasiocampa
quercus, Dicranura vinula. [P. B.] Holoway, C. F., & G. H. Bergold, "Iron content of an insect virus." Science, vol. 117:
pp. 251-252. 6 Mar. 1952. Pathogen of Bombyx mori. Howard, H. W., & A. G. Lyon, "Biological flora of the British Isles. Nasturtium officinale
R. Br." Journ. EcoL, vol. 40: pp. 228-238. Feb. 1952. Larval food plant of Pieris
brassicce and P. napi. [P. B.] Hughes, Kenneth M., "A demonstration of the nature of polyhedra using alkaline solutions." Journ. Bact., vol. 59: pp. 189-195, 2 pis. Feb. 1950. Pathogens of Prodenia
pacified and Colias eurytheme. [P. B.] Hughes, Kenneth M., & Clarence G. Thompson, "A granulosis of the omnivorous looper,
Sabulodes caberata Guenee." Journ. Infect. Diseases, vol. 89: pp. 173-179, 2 pis.
Sep:./Oct. 1951. New virus attacking fat bodies. [P. B.] Huzian, L., "New data on the biology of Phthorimcea ocellatella" [in Magyar]. Agrar-
tudomany, vol. 3: p. 440. 1951. [Not seen.] H'inskii, A. I., "Pine moth, pine looper moth and gypsy moth" [in Russian]. Lesnoe
2, no. 1: pp. 85-93. Jan. 1949. [Not seen]. Irwin, Margaret C, "The California Oak Moth." Santa Barbara Mus. Nat. Hist. Mus.
Leaflet, vol. 22: pp. 38-42, 1 pi. April/May 1947. Also as Special Bull. no. 2;
1947. Biology and control of Phryganidia californica; lists parasites and predators;
figures all stages. [P. B.] Iwase, Taro, "The hibernation of the Long-Tailed Blue (Lampides boeticus L.) in Japan."
Entomologist, vol. 84: pp. 234-236. Oct. 1951. Biology; possibly a yearly immigrant.
[P. B.] Iwase, Taro, "Remarkable observations by young Japanese lepidopterists." Lepid. Nexus,
vol. 6: p.43. 8 Aug. 1952. Iwase, Taro, "Aberrant feeders among Japanese lycaenid larvae. Appendix: Entomopha-
gous moths in Japan." Lepid. News, vol. 7: pp. 45-46. 29 July 1953. Iwase, Taro, "The sixth aberrant feeder in Japan—Spindasis takanoms (Lycaenidae)."
Lepid. News, vol. 9: pp. 13-14, 1 fig. 8 April 1955. Janjua, Nazeer Ahmed, & M. Maqsud Nasir, "Euzophera punicella Moore in Baluchistan."
Indian Farming, vol. 8: pp. 549-550. Nov. 1947. Biology; on pomegranates and
other fruits. [P. B.] Jary, S. G., W. H. Rolfe, & K. Carpenter, "The Leek moth." Agriculture, vol. 54; pp.
563-569. March 1948. Biology and control.
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170 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Jasic, J., D. Povolny, & L. Weismann, "Beitrag zum Studium der Bionomie der Riiben-
motte (Gnorimoschema ocellatellum Boyd)" [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp. 243-252, 1 pi., 4 figs. Dec. 1954. Jepson, W. F., "Stem borers of cereals and sugar cane." Plant. Protect. Overseas Rev.,
vol. 2, no. 2: pp. 15-21. Apr. 1951. Life history notes on Busseola fusca, Sesamia.
Diatrcea, Schcenobius bipunctifer. \V. B.] Jepson, W. F., "Stalk borers of tropical cereals and sugar cane." Trans. 9th Int. Congr.
Ent., vol. 1: pp. 786-790. March 1953. Judd, W. W., "Hymenoptera and an inquiline moth reared from the goldenrod gall
caused by Gnorimoschema gall ce solid a ginis Riley (Lepidoptera)". Proc. Nova Scotia
Inst. Sci., vol. 22, part 4: pp. 1-7. July 1951. Records Epiblema scudderiana and
4 spp. of parasites. [P. B.] Judd, W. W., "The White Veined Dagger, Simyra henrici Grt. (Lepidoptera: Phalasnidas),
and its- parasites reared from Cat-tail, Typha spp." Proc. Nova Scotia Inst. Sci., vol.
23: pp. 115-119- Feb. 1954. Records 2 braconids and 1 tachinid as parasites.
[P. B.] Kalandadze, L. P., & V. S. Dzashi, "An omnivorous leaf roller, Tortrix (Eulia) politana
Haworth, attacking tea" [in Russian]. Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk im Lenina,
vol. 14, no. 9: pp. 3-7. 1949. [Not seen.] Kalshoven, L. G. E., De plagen van de cultuurgewassen in Indonesia. The Hague: W.
van Hoeve. 1949-1951. See reviews in Lepid Neivs, vol. 4: p. 50; vol. 6: p. 80. Kamal, M., "Investigations on the biological control of the Cotton Leaf Worm, Prodenia
litura, in Egypt." Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 757-765. March 1953. Kasy, Freidrich, "Eigenartige Nahrungsverfliissigung bei Augiades sylvanus Esp."
[in German]. Ent. Nachrbl., vol. 3: pp. 184-185. Oct./Nov. 1951. An individual
of this species, settling on the author's hand, repeatedly deposited a drop of water from
the anus and sucked it up again with the proboscis. [P. B.] Khadzhibeili, Z. K., "Material on the study of the Fig Pyralis (Simcethis nemorana Hb.)
in Kakhetia" [in Russian]. Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR., vol. 11: pp.
309-314. 1950. [Not seen]. Klimesch, J., "Die Raupe von Depressaria (Schistodepressaria) cervicella HS. (Lep.,
CEcophorida?)" [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 38: pp. 22-25, 9 figs.
1 March 1953. Describes larva minutely, and pupa briefly; on Trinta glauca. [P. B.] Knowlton, G. F., "Predators of Vanessa cardui." Lepid. Neivs, vol. 7: p.55. 29 Tuly
1953. Knudsen, John P., "A new host plant record for Strymon liparops." Lepid. News, vol.
9: pp. 11-12. 8 April 1955. Komarek, Julius, & Vaclav Skuhravy, "Der Einfluss der Temperatur auf die periodische
Massenvermehrung des Schwammspinners (Lymantria dispar L.). Vorlaufige Mitteilung"
[in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Acta Soc. Ent. techoslovenice, vol. 49:
pp. 16-30. 1 Oct. 1952. On the biology of L. dispar. [J. M.] Komarova, O. S., "Life cycle and conditions of the development of the Eudemis Moth
(Polychrosis botrana Schiff.)" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 33: pp. 102-113.
Jan/Feb. 1954. [Not seen]. Konikov, A. S., "Rearing Oak Silkworm on Betula verrucosa on the collective farms
of western Siberia" [in Russian!. Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk in. Lenina, vol. 17,
no. 9: pp. 40-43. 1952. [Not seen.] Korringa, P., "Nachtelijk bezoek aan Prunus serotina" [in Dutch]. Levende Natuur,
vol. 50: pp. 26-29, figs. Feb./March 1947. Kozhanchikov, I. V., "Multivorousness of animals and variability of the environment"
[in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 31: pp. 793-801. Nov./Dec. 1952. [Not seen.] Kozhanchikov, I. V., "Contribution to the understanding of the mass propagation of insects" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 32: pp. 195-202. Mar./Apr. 1953. [Not
seen]. Kraemer, G. P., "Beitrag zur Biologie von Amicta quadrangularis Heyl. (Lep. Psychidae)"
[in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 34: pp. 160-164, lpl. 31 Dec. 1949.
Case structure, sex ratio, parasitism. [P. B.] Kudla, Miloslav, "Quelques notes sur I'ecologie et I'apparition de I'espece Scolitantides
orion Pall. (Lycaenida?)" [in Czech, French summary]. Acta Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice,
vol. 48: pp. 132-134. 30 Nov. 1951. Discusses life history of larva and gives some
remarks on ecology of sp. [J. M.] Kuznetsov, V. L, "Problems in adaptation of lepidopterous insects to new food conditions" [in Russian]. Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 11: pp. 166-181.
1952. [Not seen.]
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van der Laan, P. A., "Epidemiology of some tobacco pests in Deli (Sumatra)." Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 795-798. March 1953- Mentions Phthorimcea heliopa, Prodenia litura, Plusia signata, and Heliothis assulta [A. D.]
Lall, L. S., "Preliminary observations on the bionomics of Potato Tuber Moth (Gnorimo-schema operculella Zell.) and its control in Bihar, India." Indian Journ. Agric. Set., vol. 19: pp. 295-306. June 1949. Describes early stages and habits. [P. B.]
Lambert J. M., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb." Journ. Ecol., vol. 34: pp. 310-344, 7 figs. Aug. 1947. Larval food plant of Leucania straminea, Schoenobius forficellus, and Elachista poce. [P. B.]
Laskey, Amelia R., "Blue Jays feed tent caterpillars to nestlings." Wilson Bull., vol. 66: pp. 65-66. March 1954. Malacosoma americana.
Latham, Roy, "Fagitana littera reared from larva." Lepid. News, vol. 7: p. 172. 12 Feb. 1954,
Le Charles, L., "La vie et les metamorphoses de Charaxes jasius Linne" [in French]. Rev. frang. Lepid., vol. 13: pp., 45-52, 4 pis. "Mar.-Apr." [31 July 1951]. Detailed description of life history and habits; good figures of all stages and eclosion. [P. B.]
Leefmans, S., "Over enige insection in lisdodden" [in Dutch, English summary]. Tijdschr. Plantenziekten, vol. 59: pp. 201-203, 3 figs. 1953- Describes life-history and figures some stages of Limntecia fragmitella Stt. (Momphidae). [A. D.]
Lefevre. P.-C, "Acrcea acerata Hew. parasite de la patate douce" [in French]. Bull. Agric. Congo Beige, vol. 39: pp. 49-76, 10 figs. March 1948. Describes and figures all stages; lists food plants (Ipomosa spp., Lepistemon) and parasites. [P. B.]
Le Marchand, S., "Une mine inepuisable: les Stigmella (Nepticula) (Microlepidopteres, Stigmellidce). Contribution a leur etude" [in French 1. Rev. franc. Lepid., vol. 13: pp. 98-102, 138-142. "Sept./Oct." [28 Dec] 1951, "Nov./Dec. 1951" [28 March 1952]. Describes biology of genus, and cocoons of 46 spp. [P. B.]
Lems, Kees, "Porthesia feigning death." Lepid. Neivs, vol. 6: p. 42. 8 Aug. 1952.
de Lesse., H., "Contribution a l'etude du genre Erebia (12e note). Description des premiers etats." [in French]. Rev franc. Lepid., vol. 14: pp. 167-179, 1 pi., 18 figs. Nov. 1954. Descriptions of the early stages of E. tyndarus, E. ottomana, E. mnestra; with an introduction on breeding and collecting larvae, and notes on the terms used in the descriptions. [P. V.]
de Lesse,H., "Contribution a l'etude du genre Erebia (13e note). Description des premiers etats" [in French]. Rev. frang. Lepid., vol. 14: pp. 251-257, 1 pi., 15 figs. March 1955. Study of the first stages of E. lefebvrei, E. montanus (—goante) > E, scipio. [P. V.]
Lever, R. J. A. W., "An early reference to possible biological control of a coconut pest (Levuana iridescens B.-B.)." Malayan Agric. Journ., vol. 31: p. 132. Apr. 1948. Quotes record of fungus Botrytis necans attacking Artona catoxantha. [P. B.J
Lewin, Ralph A., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Sotichus L. (S. oleraceus L. and S. asper (L.)Hill)." Journ. Ecol., vol. 36: pp. 203-223, 3 figs. July 1948. Larval food of Polia advena, Cucullia umbratica, C. lactucce, Hadena serena, H. dysodea, Depressaria badiella, Eucosma expallidana, Argyroploce purpurana. [P. B.]
Lock wood, L. P., "Notes on insects associated with Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. in the Pacific northwest." Pan-Pacific Ent., vol. 27: pp. 149-156. 1951. Papaipema pertincta and Hystricophora paradisiac, stem and root borers respectively, are among the insect associates of this plant. [J. T.]
Loberbauer, Rudolf, "Zur Verbreitung iind Biologie von Phytometra v-argenteum Esp." [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 35: pp. 61-68, l map. 1 June 1950. Distribution; foodplant Thalictrum aquilegifolium. [P. B.]
Long, D. B.„ "Effects of population density on larvae of Lepidoptera." Trans. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, vol. 104: pp. 541-591, 6 pis., 14 figs. 31 Dec. 1953. Describes experiments on effect of crowding on larval color, structure, and behaviour, performed on 10 spp. (Noctuidae, Pieridae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae) in 7 of which the crowded larvae were darker than normal. The darker color and shorter development of crowded larvae appear to be correlated with their greater activity. [P. B.]
Lower. H. F., "A granulosis virus attacking the larvae of Persectania ewingii Westw. (Lepidoptera: Agrotidae) in South Australia." Austral. Journ. Biol. Sci., vol. 7: pp. 161-167, 1 fig. 1954.
Lozovoi. D. L, "Pinus eldarica and its resistance in relation to injurious insects" [in Russian]. Priroda, vol. 36, no. 9: pp. 74-76. Sept. 1947. Rhyacionia buoliana. [Noc seen.]
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MacCreary, Donald, & H. E. Milliron, "Occurrence of the Smartweed Borer and the
European Corn Borer in apples." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: p. 348. Apr. 1952.
Pyrausta ainsliei, P. nubilalis. McGaha, Young John, "The limnological relations of insects to certain aquatic flowering plants." Microfilm Abs., vol. 11: pp. 476-477. 1951. Abstract only. Machacek, Sepp., "Hypogymna mono L. als Schadling" [in German]. Ent. Nachrbl.,
vol. 3: pp. 198-200. Dec. 1951. Records destructive outbreak on grass. [P. B.] Macqueen, J., "Notes on two species of Australian lycsenid butterflies, lalmenus ictinus
Hewitson and lalmenus sp.? (schraderi (Feld.)?)." Queensland Nat., vol. 13: pp.
75-79. 1947. Life history notes on two sibling species. [I. C] McVean, D. N., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Alnus Mill." Journ. Ecol., vol.
41: pp. 447-466, 3 figs. Aug. 1953. Lists 30 spp. of Lepidoptera feeding on A.
glutinosa, with their alternative foodplants. [P. B.] Madge, P. E., "A field study of the biology of the Underground Grass Caterpillar,
Oncopera fasciculata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidse), in South Australia." Austral. Journ. Zool., vol. 2: pp. 193-204, 3pls., 2 figs. 1954. Account of the biology
and behaviour of a pest of sown pastures in South Australia and southern Victoria.
[I. C] Madsen, Harold F., Arthur D. Borden, Robert E. Clark, & James E. DeTar, "Leaf miner
on deciduous fruits." Calif. Agric, vol. 7, no. 11: pp. 4-5, 5 figs. Nov. 1953.
Biology and control of Litbocolletis cratcegella. on pear, apple, and cherry. [P. B.] Makino, Sajiro, & Kazuo Saito, "Results of gonadectomy and gonadal transplantation in
the sex races of Lymantria dispar." Lepid. News, vol. 7: pp. 7-8. 20 Apr. 1953. Manickavasagar, P., "The Potato Tuber Moth Gnorimoschema operculella (Zeller).
(Order Lepidoptera family Gelechiidas)." Trop. Agriculturist, vol. 109: pp- 118-
121, 1 pi. 1953. Describes and figures all stages. Marden, Luis, "Spain's silkworm gut." Nat. Geogr, Mag., vol. 100: pp. 100-108, 10
figs. July 1951. Popular account of sericulture and biology of Bombyx, [P. B,] Marikovskii, P. I., "Tamarisk moth-—•Amblypalpis tamaricella Dan. and the phenomenon
of connected diapause of its parasite" [in Russian]. Zool, Z,hurn,, vol, 31: PP- 673 =
675. Sept./Oct. 1952. [Not seen,] Markin, A., "American White Moth" [in Russian]. Sad i Ogorod, 1953, no, 7; pp,
38-39. July 1953. Hyphantria cunea, [Not seen], Martorell, Luis F,, "A survey of the forest insects of Puerto Rico." Journ. Agric. Univ,
Puerto Rico, vol. 29: pp. 69-608, figs, "July■'Oct, 1945" [1948], Part I is a list of species.
by host plants. Part 11 covers all recorded insects attacking trees, describing known
stages and habits and giving food plants [P. B.] Massee, A. M., "Notes on some interesting insects observed in 1948." Ann, Kept, E,
Mailing Res. Sta., 1948: pp. 102-106, lpl. Oct. 1949. Biological notes on Eupi-
thecia assimilata, Caccecia piceana, and some other pest species. [P. B.] Massee, A. M., "Notes on some interesting insects observed in 1949." Ann. Rpt, E.
Mailing Res. Sta., 1949: pp. 126-131, 2 pis. July 1950. Biological notes, including
Acronycta rumicis, Hepialus lupulinus, Zeuzera pyrina. [P. B.] Massee, A. M., "Notes on some interesting species observed in 1950." Ann. Rept. E.
Mailing Res. Sta., 1930: pp. 141-147. June 1951. Biological notes on Triphcena
comes, Zeuzera pyrina, Sesia myopceformis, Tortrix diversana, Litbocolletis sp., and
some other pest species. [P. B.] Massee., A. M., "Notes on some interesting insects observed in 1951." Ann. Rept. E.
Mailing Res. Sta. 1951: pp. 155-161. June 1952. Biological notes on some pest
species, including Argyresthia conjugella. [P. B.] Massee, A. M., "Notes on some interesting insects observed in 1952." Ann. Rept. E.
Mailing Res. Sta., 1952: pp. 146-150. May 1953. Biological notes on pest species,
including Spilosoma lubricipeda and Cycnia mendica on fruit trees. [P. B.] Matthes, Ernst, "Der Einfluss der Fortpflanzung auf die Lebensdauer eines Schmetterlings
(Eumea crassiorella)" [in German]. Zeits. Vergl. Physiol., vol. 33: pp. 1-13,
2 figs. 31 Jan. 1951. Reports that egg-laying shortens life of female. [P. B.] Mazokhin-Porshniakov, G. A., "Predator of tartar maple" [in Russian]. Les i Step',
vol. 4: p. 81. Apr. 1952. [Not seen.] Mazokhin-Porshnyakov, G. A., "Research on the ecological system of diurnal Lepidoptera
(Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera)" [in Russian.] Zool. Zhurn., vol. 31: pp. 202-212
1952. [Not seen.] Mendheim, Hans, "Insekten als Zwischenwirte von Helminthen nebst einigen Bemer-
kungen Liber neue Zwischenwirte des Rattenbandwurms" [in German]. Nachrbl.
Bayer. Ent., vol. 2: pp. 69-70. 15 Sept. 1953- Among other hosts of the "tape-worm
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of rats" the following Lepidoptera are listed: Aglossa dimidiata (misprinted "didim-iata"), ri'Aphormia gularis" [sic] ), Pyralis farinalis, Tinea granella, and T. pellionella. [N. O.]
Michelbacher, A. E., & W. W. Middlekauff, "Fungus on Codling Moth." Calif. Agric, vol. 6, no. 3: p. 13, 1 fig. March 1952. Beauveria sp. attacking Carpocapsa pom-onella. [P. B.]
Milianovskii, E. S., "Vine pest Phassus schamyl Chr., in Abkhazia" [in Russian]. Soob-sbch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR., vol. 13: pp. 609-610. 1952. [Not seen.]
Miller, F., "Pfastevnicek americky—Hyphantria cunea Drury—nas nejvaznejsi skudce" [in Czech]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 16-23, 14 figs. 1952. Gives some information about the new pest in central Europe, and short biological remarks about H. cunea. [J. M.]
Miller, F., & M. Rezac, "Etiella zinckenella (Tr.), zavijec sojovy, novy skudce nasi soji" [in Czech, Russian summary]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 2: pp. 22-28, 3 pis. 1 April 1953. Describes biology and control. [J. M.]
Miller, William E., "Biological notes on five hymenopterous parasites of pine bud and stem moths in Ohio." Ohio Journ. Set., vol. 53: pp. 59-63. Jan. 1953. Parasites of Rhyacionia buoliana and Petrova comstoekiana. [P. B.]
Milliron, H. E., "Second report on the performance of European Corn Borer parasites in Delaware." Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol., 46: pp. 115-123, 1 fig. Mar. 1953. Status of 5 imported and 3 native parasites. [P. B.]
Milum, V. G., "Tinea fuscipunctella associated with Tyroglyphus lintneri." Journ. Eeon. Ent., vol. 46: p. 527. June 1953. This debris-feeding species found infesting stored wheat; moth unable to establish itself in wheat in absence of the mite. [P.B.]
Moravskaia, A. S., "Small Gypsy Moth (Parocneria detrita Esp.) as a mass destroyer of the oak" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 31: pp. 367-371. 1952. [Not seen.]
Moucha, J., & D. Weiss, "Hyphantria cunea Drury en Europe" [in French]. Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse 1953: pp. 65-67, 4 figs. Nov. 1953- Describes biology of this introduced sp. [P. B.]
Moutia, L. Andre, & Claude M. Courtois, "Parasites of the moth-borers of sugar cane in Mauritius." Bull. Ent. Res., vol. 43: pp. 325-359, 7 figs. July 1952. Taxonomic descriptions and biology of parasites of Proceras sacchariphagus, Sesamia vuteria, and Olethreutes schistaceana. [P. B.]
Munrc, J. Alex, "Entomology problems in Bolivia." FAO Plant Protect. Bull., vol. 1-2: pp. 97-101, 2 figs. April 1954. Records Copitarsia consueta & Gnorimoschema opefculella (on potatoes), Diatrcea spp. (on sugar cane) & other spp. [P. B.]
Narayanan, E. S., "Seasonal pests of crops: Chilo zonellus Swinh. and Hieroglyphus nig-rorepletus Bol., two serious pests of maize and Jowar." Indian Farming, n. s., vol. 3, no. 3: pp. 8-9, 32, 2 figs. June 1953. Biology and control.
Narayanan, E. S., "Seasonal pests of crops: some major insect pests of rice and their control." Indian Farming, n. s., vol. 3, no. 5: pp. 8-13, 31, 7 figs. Aug. 1953-Cirphis unipuncta, Schosnobius incertellus, Spodoptera mauritia; figures stages. [P. B.]
Nashivanko, M. S., "Oak prominent moth (Notodonta trepida) in forests of the Ukraine" [in Russian]. Lesnoe Khoziaistvo, vol. 6, no. 10: pp. 49-50. Oct. 1953. [Not seen].
Needham, James G., "Notes on a leaf-rolling caterpillar and on some of its associates." Ecology, vol. 36: pp. 346-352, 2 figs. April 1955. Biology of Sylepta silicalis on Boehmeria cylindrica with records of 5 parasites; bilogy of Machlotica sp. (Glyphipter-ygidae) on the same plant, and note on Vanessa virginiensis. [P. B.]
Nestervodskii, V. A., "Death's Head Moth—pest of honeybees" [in Russian]. Pchelov-odstvo, vol. 29, no. 12: pp. 33-34. Dec. 1952. Acherontia atropos. [Not seen.]
Netopil, F., & D. Povolny, "Pyrausta nubilalis Hb. als ein Schadling der Zuckerriibe" [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia. Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp. 253-258, 3 pis. Dec. 1954. Morphology, biology, & distribution discussed. [J. M.]
Neustetter, Heinrich, "TJber die Zucht einiger Geometriden" [in German]. Ent. Nach-rbl., vol. 5: pp. 23-26. Mar./Apr. 1953. Notes on rearing Ellopia prosapiaria, Cidaria variata, Boarmia secundaria, and Tephroclystis lanceata, all on Spruce. [P. B.]
Newcomer, E. J., & F. W. Carlson, "The leaf orller moth Pandemis pyrusana." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: pp. 1079-1081. Dec. 1952. Biology and control; on fruit trees.
Nordman, A., "Plommonvecklarens, Laspeyresia funebrana Tisch. upptradande i SW-Fin-land" [in Swedish]. Notul. Ent., vol. 30: pp. 55-56. June 1950 . Notes on the biology and occurrence of L. funebrana in Finland. [W. H.]
Nosek, J., & Povolny, "Pcecilopsis isabellce Harr. als Larchenschadling" [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia. Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp. 13-36, 5 pis., 6 figs. March 1954. Discusses the phylogeny of Bistonin<e and Boarmiinas, the life history, dis-
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ttribution and ecology of P. Isabella; in central Europe. The sp. is recorded as a pest
of Larix in Moravia. [J. M.] Novopol'skaia, E. V., "Biology of Brown-tail Moth (Nygmia phceorrhoea)" [in Russian].
Priroda, vol. 37, no. 9: p. 66. Sept. 1948. [Not seen.] O'Connor, B. A., "Some insect pests of Tonga." Agric. Journ. Fiji, vol. 20: pp. 47-57.
June 1949. Records, with notes on biology of some species: Agonoxena argaula,
Tirathaba trie ho gramma (on coconut), Nacoleia octasema (on banana), Argyroploce
illepida (on Inocarpus edulis), Gnorimoschema heliopa (on tobacco), Plutella maculi-
pennis (on cabbage), Plus/a chalcytes (on tomato), and Otbreis fullonia (fruit-piercing
moth). [P. B.] O'Connor, B. A., "The Banana Scab Moth, Nacoleia octasema Meyr., and its control."
Agric. Journ. Fiji. vol. 20: pp. 84-86. Sept.1949. Describes life history and habits
of this pyralid. [P. B.] O'Connor, B. A., "Biological control of insects and plants in Fiji." Agric. Journ. Fiji,
vol. 21: pp. 43-54. Mar./June 1950. List of parasites introduced into Fiji, and discussion of the most successful campagins, including those against Levuana iridescens
and Tirathaba trichogramma. [P. B.] Olalquiaga Faure, Gabriel, "Pests of edible legumes in Chile." Plant Prot. Bull., vol.
1: pp. 166-168. Aug. 1953- Biological notes on Epinotia opposita, Rachiplusia
nu, and Elasmopalpus lignosellus (on beans); records some parasites of R. nu and of
cutworms. [P. B.] Olberg, Giinter, "Tagfalter als Vogelernahrung" [in German]. Natur und Volk, vol. 82:
pp. 188-192, 3 figs. 1 June 1952. Birds feeding on butterflies. Olivier, R., "Orthonama obstipata Fabricius et ses premiers etats" [in French]. Rev.
fra?ic. Lepid., vol. 13: pp.239-240. "May/June/Sept." [15 Nov.] 1952. Describes
rearing on Anagallia phoenicea and other plants. [P. B.] Ovanesian, T. T., "Some biological peculiarities of the organism which produces muscardine in Mulberry Silkworms in Georgian SSR" [in Russian]. Mikrobiologiia, vol.
21: pp. 445-448. July/Aug. 1952. [Not seen.] Ovanesian, T. T., "Effect of garlic phytoncides upon the causative agent of muscardine of
silkworm" [in Russian]. Mikrobiologiia, vol. 22: pp. 61-63- Jan./Feb. 1953.
[Not seen.] Padii, N. N., "Biological method of controlling the gypsy moth" [in Russian]. Lesnoe
Khoziaistvo, vol. 6, no. 10: pp. 44-46. Oct. 1953. [Not seen.] Parsons, Arthur C, "The Catalpa Sphinx Moth and its enemies." Frontiers, vol. 13:
pp. 48-49, 5 figs. Dec. 1948. Patocka, Jan, "Obaleci 2 rodu Epiblema Hb. skodici na nasich jehlicnatych stromech"
[in Czech]. Folia Ent., vol. 11: p. 141. 31 Oct. 1948. Lists 3 spp. important in
fores.: entomology: E. tedella, proximana, nigricana. [J. M.] Patocka, J., "Contribution to the biology and ecology of the leaf-roller Semasia rufimi-
trana H.-S (Lep., Tortricidae)" [in Czech]. Bull. Int. Acad. Prague, vol. 50: pp.
405-406. 1949. [Not seen.] Patocka, Jan, "Bemerkungen iiber die Tortriciden auf Eichen" [in Czech, Russian &
German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 2: pp. 251-266, 41 figs. Dec. 1953.
Gives information on biology of some spp. in Slovakia. Discusses Eidmann's ovaria
types in some Tortricidae, and describes eggs, larvae, pupae of the most important spp.
[J- M.J Pence, Roy J., & Walter Ebeling, "Orangeworms on avocados." Yearb. Calif. Avocado
Soc, 1950: pp. 101-104, 6 figs. Biology of Argyrotcenia citrana, Holcocera iceryella.
[P. B.] Petch, T., "A revised list of British entomogenous fungi." Trans. Brit. My col. Soc, vol.
31: pp. 286-304. 29 July 1948. Records some 90 spp. with their hosts, including
many Lepidoptera. [P. B.] Petrov, A. E., "Fly parasites of the Apple Moth (Hyponomeuta padellus)" [in Russian].
Izv. Akad. Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Ser. Zool., vol. 10: pp. 142-145. 1951. [Not seen.] Phillips, Marie E., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Eriophorum angustifolium
Roth. (£. Polystachion L.)" Journ. Ecol, vol 42: pp. 612-622, 1 map. July 1954.
Records Elachista albidella & E. eleochariella (miners); Glyphipteryx haworthana
(seeds); & Celama haworthi (among stem bases) from this plant. [P. B.] Piggot:. C. D., "Biological flora of the British Isles. Thymus L." Journ. Ecol., vol. 43: pp. 365-387, 7 figs. Jan. 1955. Maculinea anon, 2 Geometridae, 5 Pyralididae, 2 Coleophoridae, 1 gelechiid reported feeding on Thymus spp. [P. B.]
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Pinker, Rudolf, "Mesotrosta signalis Tr." [in German]. Zeitschr. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 32: pp. 104-106, 1 pi. 30 June 1948. Describes biology; figures $ genitalia and early stages. [P. B.]
Plank, Harold K., "Grassworm injury to lawns in Puerto Rico." Trop. Agric, vol. 24: p. 28. Jan./March 1947. Notes on biology of Laphygma frugtperda, Pachyzancla phceopterodes, Crambus legonellus. [P. B.]
Plank, H. K., & H. F. Winters, "Insect and other animal pests of cinchona and their control in Puerto Rico." Bull. Fed. Agric. Exp. Sta. Mayaguez, no. 46: 16 pp., 5 figs. Feb. 1949. Records Choranthus vitellius, Xylophanes pluto, Microgonia vesulia, unidentified hyponomeutid. [P. B.]
Polozhentsev, P. A., & N. I. Korovina, "Yellowish Moth (Colymnia trapezina) is destructive to seeds of the elm family" [in Russian]. Les i Step', vol. 4, no. 10: p.81. Oct. 1952. [Not seen.]
Povolny, Dalibor, "Tortrix {Cnephasia Curt.) nubilana Hbn. skudcem merufiky na jizni Morave" [in Czech, Russian & English summaries]. Folia Ent., vol. 14: pp. 188-196, 17 figs., 2 photos. 1 Dec. 1951. Short account of occurrence of sp. as a pest of apricot trees in S. Moravia. [J. M.]
Pravdin, F. N., "Principles of the occupation by insects of the axillary organs of Compos-itae" [in Russian]. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 69: pp. 445-447. 1949.
Prihoda, Ant., "Scenopinus jenestralis L. (Diptera-Scenopinidae, Omphralidae)—destroyer of moth" [in Czech, English sumary]. Folia Ent., vol. 10: pp. 107-110, 2 figs. 31 Dec. 1947. Describes the biology of this fly, whose larvae attack Tineola bisselliella & Ephestia kuehniella. [J. M.]
Pruthi, Hem Singh, & Mohan Singh, "Pests of stored grain and their control." Indian Journ. Agric. Sci., spec, no.: 88 pp., figs. 1950. Describes and figures early stages of insect pests, including Sitotroga, Corcyra, Ephestia, Plodia, Pyralis. [P. B.]
Purefoy, E. Bagwell, "An unpublished account of experiments carried out at East Farleigh, Kent, in 1915 and subsequent years on the life history of Maculinea arion, the Large Blue butterfly." Proc. Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 28: pp. 160-162. 31 Dec. 1953-History of the discovery of association between 4th instar larvae and ants (Myrmica spp.) [P. B.]
Pussard, R., "Biologie de Platyptilia rhododactyla Schiff. (Lep. Pterophoridae)" [in French]. C. R. Soc. Biol., vol. 148: pp. 334-336. Feb. 1954. On roses; records 2 parasites. [P. B.]
Randle, Worth S., "Observations on the life history of Calephelis borealis." Lepid. News, vol. 7: pp. 119-122, 133-138. 5 Nov. 1953, 12 Feb. 1954.
Rawson, G. W., & P. F. Bellinger, "Sparrows feeding on congregating Papilio." Lepid. News, vol. 7: p. 27. 20 Apr. 1953.
Rehfous, M., "Fourmis et chenilles de Lycenides" [in French]. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., vol. 27: pp. 38-42. 1954. Notes on the relations between ants and the larvae of Lycaenidae, species observed, names of the ants visiting such larvae, and observations on the visits. [P. V.]
Rehfous, M., "Note sur les lepidopteres des champignons" [in French]. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., vol. 28: pp. 109-110. April 1955. List of 8 spp. of Lepidoptera seen on fungi in Switzerland; only Scardia boleti is restricted to fungi. [P. V.]
Remington, Charles L., & Roger W. Pease, "Studies in food plant specificity. I. The suitability of Swamp White Cedar for Mitoura gryneus (Lycaenidae)." Lepid. News, vol. 9: pp. 4-6. 8 April 1955.
Rendtorff, R. C, "Investigations on the hfe cycle of Oochoristica ratti, a cestode from rats and mice." Journ. Parasitol., vol. 34: pp. 243-251, 1 pi. June 1948. Plodia interpunctella a suitable intermediate host of this worm. [P. B.]
Richard, F., "Eriogaster catax L." [in French]. Lambillionea, vol. 52: pp. 26-30. 25 June 1952. Describes rearing on Crataegus. [P. B.]
Risbec, J., "I. Les Chalcidoi'des d'A. O. F. II. Les Microgasterinae d'A. O. F." [in French]. Mem. Inst, jrang. Aft. Noire, no. 13: 473 pp., 224 figs. 28 June 1951. Systematic account of species (except Chalcididae), mostly new and mostly based on reared material. Tables of host species are given, including many Lepidoptera. [P. B.]
Risbec, J., "Chalcidoi'des d'A. O. F." [in French]. Bull. Inst, frang. Afr. Noire, vol. 13: pp. 1110-1130, 5 figs. Oct. 1951. Records parasites of Cirphis loreyi, Eublemma gayneri, Cosmopteryx attenuatella; from French West Africa. [P. B.]
Robinson, Dan, "Garden Bagworm, Apterona crenulella (=helix) in Nevada and Placer Counties, California." Bull. Calif. Dept. Agric, vol. 62: pp. 25-33, 3 figs. 1953. This wingless parthenogenetic psychid has been found injurious to fruit trees. Illustrations of larviform females and cases, also of leaf injury. [J. T.]
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Romanova, V. P., "Leaf rollers (fam. Tortricidas) of forested steppe areas" [in Russian].
Zool. Zhurn.. vol. 31: pp. 361-366. 1952. [Not seen.] Romanova, Y. S., "The biological method of control with the Annulated Silkworm"
[in Russian]. Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk Nauk im Lenina, vol. 16: pp. 30-34. 1951.
[Not seen.] Ronniger, Hermann, "Uber Coleophora flaviella Mann." [in German]. Zeitschr.
Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 32: pp. 129-142, 1 pi. 30 July 1948. Describes all stages
and biology; discusses closely related spp. [P. B.] Roszypal, Jan, "Dyspessa ulula Bkh. ein Schadling am Zweibelgemiise" [in Czech, Russian
German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 137-150, 25 figs. 1952. Gives
morphology, biology, and control in southern Moravia. [J. M.] Roszypal, J., "Dyspessa ulula Bkh., ein Schadling von Zweibelgemiise" [in German]. Trans.
9th hit. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 654-659, figs. March 1953. Records this cossid from
Czechoslovakia; describes biology and injury to onions. [A. D.] Roszypal, J., "Treibeule {Procus strigilis CI.), Schadling der Nutzgraser" [in Czech,
Russian & German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp- 151-166, 4 pis., 1 fig.
Sept. 1954. Morphology, biology, and control of this sp. Records some hymenopterous
parasites of the larva. [J. M.] Rubtsov, I. A., Citrus fruit pests and their natural enemies. [in Russian]. 260 pp.
Moscow: Akad. Nauk SSSR. [Not seen]. Rudnev, D. F., "Determination of the egg production of the Gypsy moth by the pupae"
[in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol.30: pp. 224-228. 1951. [Not seen]. Ruivkin, B. V., "Telenomus verticillatus Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)—a parasite of the eggs of Dendrolimus pini" [in Russian]. Ent. Obozr., vol. 31: pp. 71-76.
1950. [Not seen.] Ruivkin, B. V., "Some questions of the biology of Sturmia inconspicua Meig. (Diptera,
Larvaevoridse) and its economic importance [in Russian]. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
vol. 76: pp. 755-758. 1951. Ruivkin, B. V., "Parasites of Dendrolimus pini in eastern Polesye" [in Russian]. Dokl.
Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 84: pp. 853-856, 2 figs. 1 June 1952. Saalas, Uunio, Suomen metsdhyonteiset sekd muut metsdlle vahingolliset eldimet [in
Finnish]. 719 pp., 653 figs. Helsinki, 1949. An extensive work on the forest insects and other animals injurious to forest trees in Finland. [W. H.] Salvaterra, Gino, "Cacoecia rosana L." Plant Protect. Overseas Rev., vol. 3, no. 1: pp.
18-23, 2 pis. March 1952. Distribution and biology; figures egg masses and adults.
Sarlef, L., "Iconographie des oeufs de Lepidopteres (Faune de la Belgique) (suite)" [in French]. Lambillionea, vol. 53: pp. 71-75. "1953" [1954]. Bibliography and description of the eggs of Leptidea sinapis and Aporia cratcegi (both Pieridae). [P. V.]
Sauer, H. F. G., "Constatacao de himenopteros e dipteros entomofagos no Estado de Sao Paulo" [in Portuguese]. Bol. Fitossanit., vol. 3: pp- 7-23. "1946" [1947]. Annotated list of reared parasites; hosts recorded but not separately listed. [P. B.J
Scaramuzza, L. C, "Insectos observados en Eucalyptus spp." [in Spanish]. Bol. Hist. Nat. S.oc. Cubana Hist. Nat. "Felipe Poey", vol. 2: pp. 86-89- May 1951. Records 9 spp. of Lepidoptera (Heterocera, 7 families) reared from Eucalyptus. [P. B.j
Schadewald, Gerhard, "Beobachtungen beim Schliipfen von Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep. Noct.)" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 92-93. 15 Dec. 1952. Observations in a breeding cage. [N. O.]
Schadewald, Gerhard, "Beitrage zur Lebensweise einiger Schmetterlings-Arten" [in German]. Biological observations on some species of Notodontidse and Phalaenidae. [N. O.l
Schatz, W., "Agrotis ypsilon Rott. als Schadling an Zuckerriiben" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol. 2: pp. 13-14. 15 Feb. 1953- Observed in Bavaria. [N. O.]
Schatz, Willi, "Die Eier von Orth. pistacina F., lota CI. und circellaris Hufn. und ihre Ablage (Lep. Noct.)" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol. 3: pp. 1-3, 1 fig. 15 Jan. 1954. Describes and figures eggs; observations on oviposition. [N. O.]
Schmitz, G., "La pyrale du cafeier robusta, Dichocrocis crocodora Meyrick" [in French]. Bull. Agric. Congo Beige, vol. 39: pp. 571-580, 8 figs. Sept. 1948. Describes and figures all stages; records 2 parasites. [P. B.]
Schoene, W. J., & Nannie V. Sibold, "A virus disease of the Red-banded Leaf Roller." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: p. 1081. Dec. 1952. Virus on Argyrotoxa velutinana.
Schuder, Donald, L., "The bagworm in Indiana." Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci., vol. 61: pp. 159-164. 1952. Biology and control of Thyridopteryx ephemercejormis.
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Schroder, Heinz, "Mottenraupe als Hornfresser" [in German]. Natur und Volk ,vol. 85: pp. 143-145, 2 figs. 1 May 1955. Tinea vastella and other spp. feeding on horns of ruminants. [P. B.]
Schultz, Victor G. M., "Neue Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde. Nr. 26. Die Raup-enhaute der Agrotis (Epilecta) linogrisea Schiff., sowie einige Bemerkungen zu Zucht und Lebensweise dieser Art (Lep. Noctuidae (Agrotidae))" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 68-71. 15 Sept. 1952. Morphology and biology of larva. [N. O.]
Schultz, Victor G. M., "Neue Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde. Nr. 27. Der 'Vord-ammerungsflug' der Agrotis (Triphcena) interjecta caliginosa Schaw. (Lep. Noctuidae (Agrotidae))" [in German]. Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 83-85. 15 Nov. 1952. The moths are especially active in early evening. [N. O.]
Schultz, Victor G. M., "Neue Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde. Nr. 28. Uber die Raupe, die Puppe und eine anomale Falterform von Scopula ternata Schrk. (Acidalia fumata Steph.) (Lep. Geometridae)" [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 38: pp. 95-99, 1 pi. 30 April 1953. Describes larva, pupa, and biology (on Vaccinium myrt-illus); records and figures adult with reduced forewings. [P. B.]
Schwarz, R., "Coleophora onopordiella Z. as rye injurer" [in Czech, English summary]. Folia Ent., vol. 14: pp. 89-93, 1 fig. 31 July 1951. The larva is polyphagous and also attacks Secale cereale. Notes on life history and distribution. [J. M.]
Seltzer, A. Gary, "The last molt." Frontiers, vol. 17 : p. 49, 3 figs. Dec. 1952. Eclos-ion of Monarch. [P. B.]
Sen Gupta, G. C, "Effect of hosts on the egg coloration of the parasite Br aeon gelechice Ashmead (Braconidae)." Nature, vol. 168: p. 793. 3 Nov. 1951. Parasites reared on 2 noctuid hosts produce yellow (instead of normal white) eggs; depth of color increases for several generations. [P. B.]
Seppanen, Eino J., "Ein Herbstversuch mit Angerona prunaria L. (Lep., Geometridae)" [in Finnish, German summary]. Ann. Ent. Fennici, vol. 17: pp. 115-116, 1 table. Dec. 1951.
Serebrovskii, A. S., V. V. Kvostova, & Z. S. Shaposhinkov, "Biology of Emestia con-sobrina, parasite of vegetable Noctuidae, and methods of promoting its useful activity" [in Russian]. Sborn. Trud. Inst. Zashch. Rast. Leningrad, vol. 1: pp. 132-134. 1948. [Not seen.]
Sharov, A. G., "Relation of morphofunctional condition of Excreta ulmt caterpillars to the type of forest plantings in the southeast of Ukrainian SSR" [in Russian]. Dokl, Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 84: pp. 805-808. 1 June 1952.
Sharov. A. G., "Excereta ulmi—pest of forest planting in the steppe area" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 32: pp. 594-607. July/Aug. 1953. [Not seen].
Sheftel', I. M., "The biology of the Peach Moth in the Crimea" [in Russian]. Dokl, Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk im. Lenina, vol. 16: pp. 30-34. 1951. [Not seen.]
Shteinberg, D. M., "Principal features of distribution of the dendrophilous insects of the Ura! River bottomland in relation to the possibility of settling them in forest shelter belts." [in Russian]. Trudy Inst, Zool. Akad. Nauk SSSR., vol. 11: pp. 111-125." 1952. [Not seen].
Shteinberg, D. M., "Army Worm (Laphygma exigua Hb.) as a tree pest in the Ural region" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 32: pp. 25-29. Jan./Feb. 1953. [Not seen.]
Shvetsova, O. I., "Disease of bee moth (Galleria meUonella L.) and the role of nutritive factor in virus diseases of insects" [in Russian]. Mikrobiologiia, vol. 19: pp. 532-541. 1950. Not seen.
Sicher, Harry, "Interspecific mating." Lepid. News, vol. 6: p. 108. 19 Feb. 1953. Ent. Ges., vol. 34: pp. 9-13, 1 pi., 3 figs. 1 Feb. 1949. Describes 9 genitalia,
Sieder, Leo, "Fumea (nee Psychidea) raiblensis Mann" [in German]. Zeitschr. Wiener larva, and case. [P. B.]
Sifroshvili, N. A., "Some data on a new orchard pest in Kartla, the moth Monima (Tamiocampa) stabilis View." [in Russian|. Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR., vol. 13: pp. 175-182. 1952. [Not seen].
Simmonds, H. W., "Premature nutfall on Taveuni." Agric. Journ. Fiji, vol. 22: pp. 22-24. Sept. 1951. Records Acritocera negligens attacking coconut. [P. B.]
Simmonds, F. J., "Insect pests of sugar cane in the French Antilles." Trop. Agric, vol. 30: pp. 122-127. Apr./June 1953. Includes records of Diatrcea, its parasites, and Laphygma from Guadeloupe and Martinique. [P. B.]
Simonov, N. S., "Experiment in controlled rearing of the Oak Silkworm" [in Russian]. Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk im. Lenina, vol. 17, no. 9: pp. 33-39. 1952. [Not seen.]
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Singh, S. R., "Notes on the life history of the Coconut Leaf Moth, Agonoxena argaula
Meyr." Agric. Journ. Fiji, vol. 23: pp. 106-107. Sept./Dec. 1952. Sirotina, M. I., "A latent form of yellow disease in the Oak Silkworm" [in Russian].
Dokl. Vses. Akad. Sel'sk. Nauk im. Lenina, vol. 18, no. 7: pp. 32-36. 1953. [Not
seen]. Sisojevic, P., "Contribution a la connaissance des pontes du Bombyx disparate (Lymantria
dispat L.)" [In Slavic, French summary]. Trav. Inst. Ecol. Biogeogr. Acad. Serbe Sci.,
vol. 1: pp. 197-210, 2 figs. 1950. Location of egg masses. Skala, Hugo, "Blattminierende Grossschmetterlinge aus Europa" [in German]. Zeitschr.
Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 32: pp. 35-37, 8 figs. 15 Apr. 1948. Records 20 leaf-mining
"macrolepidoptera" (Lycasnidae, Hesperiidae, Noctuidae, Geometridae, Zygaenidae, Psych-
idse); figures some mines. [P. B.] Skala, Hugo, "Minierende Elachistidae" [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 34:
pp. 96-97, 3 pis 15 July 1949- list of 37 spp. of Elachistidae (s. I.) with food plants,
and figures of forewings and mines of some. [P. B.] Skala, Hugo, "Wenig und nicht bekannte Minen der Gattung Nepticula" [in German].
Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 34: pp. 129-131, 2 pis. 15 Sept. 1949. Figures 30
mines, mostly of unknown species. [P. B.] Slaby, Otto, "Quelques problems concernant l'apparition de la Poecilopsis Isabella; Harr.
(Geometi*.)" [in Czech, French summary]. Acta. Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice, vol. 48:
pp. 90-94. 1 Sept. 1951. Describes life history of larva and discusses phylogeny of
the species. [J. M.] Smit, B., "Fruit-sucking moths." Farming in S. Africa, vol. 22: pp. 758-760. Sept.
1947. Feeding habits and control of species of Achcea, Serrodes, and Sphingomorpha.
[P. B/J SmiL\ Bernard, "The biological control of the Karoo Caterpillar." Farming in S. Africa,
vol. 23: pp. 621-624, 2 figs. Sept. 1948. Control of Loxostege sp. by imported
Chelonus texanus. [P. B.] Smith, George A., "The Royal Walnut Moth." Frontiers, vol. 14: pp. 80-81, 4 figs.
Feb. 1950. Citheronia regalis; figures all stages, [P. B],o Smith, J. Harold, & N. E. H. Caldwell, "Army worm and other noctiud outbreaks
during 1946-47." Queensland Agric. Journ,, vol. 65: pp. 396-401. 1 Dec. 1947.
Biological notes on various nocutds, mainly cutworms. [P. B.] Smith, Kenneth M., "The polyhedral diseases of insects." Endeavour, vol. 10: pp. 194-
199, 10 figs. Oct. 1951. General account of the nature and effect of these diseases in
the Lepidoptera. [P. B.] Smith, Kenneth M., & N. Xeroa, "Development of virus in the cell nucleus." Nature,
vol. 172: pp. 670-671, 2 figs. 10 Oct. 1953. Parasite of Bombyx mori. Smith, Owen J., "Grape Leaf Skeletonizer." Calif. Agric, vol. 7, no. 5: p. 9, 3 figs.
May 1953. Figures larva and adult; records 4 parasites. [P. B.] Smith, Ray F., & William W. Allen, "Insect control and the balance of nature." Sci.
Ame?., vol. 190: pp. 38-42, figs. June 1954. Biology and range changes of Colias
philodice eurytheme. [P. B.] Snow, S. J., & S. McClellan, "Tortrix pallorana, a pest of seed alfalfa in Utah." Journ.
Econ. Ent., vol. 44: pp. 1023-1024. Dec. 1951. Biology and control. Speer, Margarete, "Observacoes relativas a biologia do 'Bicho mineiro das folhas do
cafeeiro', Perileu,coptera coffeelTa (Guerin-Meneville) (Lepidoptera—Bucculatricidae)"
[in Portuguese, English summary]. Arq. Inst. Biol. Sao Paulo, vol. 19: pp. 31-47.
July 1949. Biology, including longevity, mating and oviposition, duration of early
stages, and preference for certain varieties of coffee. [P. B.] Stallwood, B. R., & G. O. Evans, "Parasites of Agapetes galathea." Entomologist, vol. 85:
pp. 21-22. Jan. 1952. Notes on mites found on insects. [P. B.] Steinhaus, Edward A., Insect Microbiology. xi + 763 pp., 250 figs. Ithaca: Comstock
Publ. Co., Inc. 1947. Discusses relationships of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, viruses, etc.
with insects and mites, and lists all known pathogens with their hosts. Extensive bibliography. [P. B.] Steinhaus, Edward A., & Kenneth M. Hughes, "Two newly described species of micro-
sporidia from the Potato Tuberworm, Gnorimoschema ot>erculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidas)." Journ. Parasitol., vol. 35: pp. 67-74, 1 pi., 2 figs. Feb. 1949.
Describes as new Nosema destructor, Plistophora californica; describes symptoms of
infections. [P. B.] Steinhaus, Edward A., Kenneth M. Hughes, & Harriette Block, "Demonstration of the
granulosis virus of the Variegated Cutworm." Journ. Bact., vol. 57: pp. 219-224,
3 pis. Feb. 1949. Peridroma margaritosa.
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Steinhaus, Edward A., "Nomenclature and classification of insect viruses." Bact. Revs., vol. 13: pp. 203-223, 4 pis. Dec. 1949- Systematic account, with keys and figures, of the four recognized genera of insect viruses. Records host, mainly Lepidoptera. [P. B.]
Steinhaus, Edward A., "Microbial infections in European Corn Borer larvae held in the laboratory." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: pp. 48-51. Feb. 1952. Records organisms causing fatal infections in Pyrausta nubilalis: bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, and a nematode. [P. B.]
Steinhaus, Edward A., & Kenneth M. Hughes, "A granulosis of the Western Grape Leaf Skeletonizer." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: pp. 744-745. Aug. 1952. Virus disease of Harrisina brillians. [P. B.]
Steinhaus, Edward A., "The susceptibility of two species of Colias to the same virus." Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 45: pp. 897-899- Oct.1952. C. eurytheme infected by disease of C. lesbia. [P. B.]
Struble, George R., "Unusual pupation site for Nymphalis californica." Lepid. Neivs, vol. 6: p. 107, 1 fig. 19 Feb. 1953-
Sussman, Alfred S., "Studies of an insect mycosis. I. Etiology of the disease." Mycologia, vol. 43: pp. 338-350, 3 figs. 3 July 1951. Platysamia cecropia attacked by Aspergillus flavus and A. luchuensis. All stages susceptible, but pupa can only be infected by infection. [P. B.]
Sussman. Alfred S., "Studies of an insect mycosis. II. Host and pathogen ranges." Mycologia, vol. 43: pp. 423-429. 24 Aug. 1951. Reports infestation of Cecropia larvae by 6 of 20 spp. of Aspergillus, and by spp. of Metarrhizum and Eonseccea. A. flavus attacked 6 other genera of Lepidoptera, but not 2 genera of beetles. Lists recorded hosts of Aspergillus spp. [P. B.]
Sussman, Alfred S., "Studies of an insect mycosis. III. Histopathology of an aspergillosis of Platysamia cecropia L." Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 45: pp. 233-245, 12 figs. June 1952.
Sussman, Alfred S., "Studies of an insect mycosis. IV. The physiology of the host-parasite relationship of Platysamia cecropia and Aspergillus flavus." Mycologia, vol. 44: pp. 493-505, 5 figs. 1952. Infection of pupae results in a 20-fold increase in oxygen uptake, largely due to host metabolism. [P. B.]
Swain, Ralph B., "Outbreaks and new records. Nicaragua." Plant Prot. Bull., vol. 1: p. 89. March 1953. Alabama argillacea and Sacadodes pyralis on cotton; Rupela al-binella and Haimbachia quiriguella, boring in rice. [P. B.]
Szumkowski, W., "Observations on Coccinellidae. I. Coccinellids as predators of lepidop-terous eggs and larvae in Venezuela." Trans. 9th Int. Congr. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 778-781, 3 figs. March 1953.
Tardrew, Constance G., "The biological control of the Karoo caterpillar." Farming in S. Africa, vol. 26: pp. 165-168, 1 fig. May 1951. Chelonus texanus as parasite of Loxostege frustalis, and its rearing on Ephestia kuhniella. [P. B.]
Taylor, J. Sneyd, "Notes on Phiala patagiata Aur., the Karoo Tent Caterpillar." Ent. Mem. Union S. Africa Dept. Agric, vol. 2: pp. 217-229, 2 pis. 1950. Describes and figures all stages; records host plants (especially Pentzia incana, Walafrida sax-atilis)y and several parasites. [P. B.]
Taylor, J. Sneyd, "Notes on further parthenogenetic generations of Mesocelis (Lasiocamp-idae) from the eastern Karoo." Proc. Roy. Ent. Soc. London (A), vol. 29: pp. 71-75 30 June 1954. Eight generations have been reared without appearance of males. The species, near M. montana, feeds on Ruschia and Mestoklema. [P. B.]
Tevis, Lloyd, Jr., "An outbreak of Nymphalis californica near Lake Almanor, California." Pan-Pacific Ent., vol. 29: pp. 201-202. 1953- Relates defoliation of shrubbery by larvae and eating of larvae and of pupae by rodents. Describes mass movement of adults. [J. T.]
Thompson, Clarence G., & Edward A. Steinhaus, "Further tests using a polyhedrosis virus to control the Alfalfa Caterpillar." Hilgardia, vol. 19: pp. 411-445. 1950. While largely or entirely an economic paper, this is of interest because of the use of viruses in control projects. The authors state that general recommendations for use of viruses to control Alfalfa Caterpillars canot be made as of the date of this paper. [J. T.]
Tibbets, Ted, & G. F. Knowlton, "Apterona crenulella in Utah (Lep., Psychidae)." Ent. Netus, vol. 63: p. 211. 1952. Larvae found in large numbers damaging apple trees and native shrubs. Larvae noted invading homes. [J. T.]
Tilden, J. W., "Microlepidoptera associated with Baccharis pilularis. I. Pterophoridae." Wasmann Journ. Biol., vol. 8: pp. 81-88. 1950. Life history studies of Oidcemato-phorus confusus and O. grandis. [J. T.]
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180 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Tilden, J. W., "Microlepidoptera associated with Baccharis pilularis. II. Tortricidae, Phaloniida.% Gelechiidas." Wasmann Journ. Biol., vol. 9: pp. 239-254. 1951. One tortricid, one phaloniid, and three gelechiids are treated. [J. T.]
Tilden, J. W., "The digging and provisioning habits of Ammophila sceva Smith (Hymen-optera)." Pan-Pacific Ent., vol. 29: pp. 211-218. 1953. This wasp provisions its burrow with larvae of Smerinthus cerisyi (Sphingidse). [J. T.]
Tomsik, B., & D. Povolny, "Contribution to the knowledge of nutrition of silkworm {Bombyx mori L.)" [in Czech, English summary]. Folia Ent., vol. 13: pp. 65-72,
5 figs. 30 June 1950.
Toner, G. C, "Butterflies and a kitten." Journ. Mammal., vol. 36: p. 290. May 1955, Cat feeding on congregating swallowtails. [P. B.]
de Toulgoet, H., "Note sur les premiers etats de Boloria pales Schiff. et napcea Hb." [in French]. Rev. franc. Lepid,, vol. 13: pp. 162-165, 1 pi., 4 figs. "Jan./Feb." [31 May] 1952. Describes and figures larvae and pupae and distinguishes between them; describes biology. [P. B.]
Toumanoff, Constantin, & Constantin Vago, "L'agent pathogene de la flacherie des Vers a Soie endemique dans la region des Cevennes: Bacillus cereus var. alesti var. nov." [in French]. C. R. Acad. Set. Paris, vol. 233: pp. 1504-1506. 3 Dec. 1951. Pathogen on Bombyx mori.
Toumanoff, Constantin, & Constantin Vago, "L'effet de l'alcalinite du milieu de culture sur la virulence de Bacillus cereus var. alesti Toum. et Vago, pour les Vers a Soie" [in French]. C. R. Acad. Set., vol. 235: pp. 1715-1717. 1952. Bacillus loses its toxicity to B. mori in alkaline culture medium. [P. B.]
Trehan, K. N., & S. V. Pringle, "Moths infesting stored cereals and their control." Indian Farming, vol. 8: pp. 404-407. Aug. 1947. Biology of Sitotroga cerealella, Corcyra cephalonica.
Trehan, K. N., & G. M. Talgeri, 'Combating Katra, the hairy caterpillar Amsacta moorei in the Bombay Province." Indian Farming, vol. 8: pp. 560-564. Nov. 1947. Biology; on cereals and grasses. [P. B,]
Tronicek, Edvard, "K spolecenstvu Solenobietum triquetrellce-Bacotia sepium Tck. a k ekologii B. sepium Spr. (Psychidas)" [in Czech, English & Russian summaries]. Acta. Ent. Mus. Nat. Praga?, vol. 28: pp. 181-184. 1953. Describes the locality of some spp. of Psychidse and gives information on the biology of B. sepium in Bohemia.
Tronicek, Edvard, "Prispevek k ekologii motylu" [in Czech, Russian summary]. Acta Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice, vol. 50: pp. 65-66. 20 Jan. 1954. The life history of Pterophorus trichodactylus. (=Oxyptilus leonuri) and its occurrence in Prague. New record for Czechoslovakia. [J. M.]
Tronicek, Edvard, "On the duration of the egg instar in butterflies" [in Czech, Russian
6 English summaries]. Acta Soc. Ent. Cechoslovenice, vol. 50: pp. 29-52. 20 Jan. 1954. The duration of the egg stage in 280 spp. of Czechoslovak Lepidoptera, not hibernating in the egg stage. [J. M.]
Tweedie, M. F. W., "Delias, friend of the trees." Pacific Discovery, vol. 6, no. 4: pp.8-9. July/Aug. 1953. A short article on this pierid genus as destroyers of mistletoe. Pictures of larva, pupse, and adult of D. hyparete. [J. T.]
LTkhalin, M. M., & V. V. Strokov, "Zeuzera pyrina L." [in Russian]. Les i Step', vol. 3, no. 12: pp. 83-84. Dec. 1951. [Not seen.]
Usinger, R. L., & Ira La Rivers, "The insect life of Arno." Atoll Res. Bull., no. 15: 28 pp. 30 April 1953. Records, from this atoll in the Marshalls, Achcea sp. on Sccevola, Utetheisa sp. on Messerschmidia, and Hypolimnas sp. on Sida. [P. B.]
Vainshtein, B. A., "Change in the population of wood-damaging insects under the influence of factors of forest ecology" [in Russian]. Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 70: pp. 515-518. 1950.
Vainshtein, B. A., "The ecology of the Gypsy Moth" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 30: pp. 238-242. [Not seen.]
Vainshtein, B. A., "Colotois pennaria L." [in Russian]. Les i Step', vol. 3, no. 11-p. 80. Nov. 1951. [Not seen.]
Vanderflaas, L. K., "Rearing silkworm on dry leaves" [in Russian]. Priroda, vol. 4l: no. 10: p.121. Oct. 1952. Anthercea pernyi, on Betula. [Not seen.]
Vanderplanck, F. L., "Causes of coconut nutfall and gumosis." Nature, vol. 172: pp. 315-316. 15 Aug. 1953. Reports Lamoria sp. feeding in bases of young coconuts. [P. B.]
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1955
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the Lepidopterists' News
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181
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Vereschagina, V. V., "The role of light in the behavior and distribution of the Gypsy Moth and the Oak Leaf Roller in the conditions of forest shelter belts" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 31: pp. 25-32. 1952. [Not seen.] Michigan." Quart. Bull. Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta., vol. 36: pp. 370-373. May 1954.
Vergeer, Teunis, "The Cherry Fruitworm {Grapholitha packardi) as a blueberry pest in Michigan." Quart. Bull. Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta., vol. 36: pp. 370-373. May 1954. Biology and control.
Viette, P., "Yponomeuta padella (L.) et malinellus Z. bonnes especes ou races etho-logiques" [in French]. Entomologiste, vol. 8: pp. 132-134. 1952. Bibliographical study of this problem. [P. V.]
Viktorov, G. A., "Parasites of the Acacia Pyralid (Etiella zinkenella Tor.) in the Stalingrad region" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 30: pp. 385-390. 1951. [Not seen.]
Villiers, A., "Le papillon du Kad" [in French]. Notes Africaines Inst, frang. Afr. Noire, no. 60: pp. 121-123, 6 figs. Oct. 1953. Biology of the saturniid Cirina forda in Senegal (French West Africa) with photographs of the eggs, larvae, pupae, and imagos. [P. V.j
Vlach, Vilem, "Contribution to the knowledge of the ecology of Coleophora linosyris Hering" [in Czech, English summary]. Folia Ent., vol. 12: pp. 26-27. 1949- Describes the life history. [J. M.]
Vorontsov, A. I., "Dermestid beetles as destroyers of the Gypsy Moth" [in Russian]. Zool. Zhurn., vol. 29: pp.406-4l6. 1950. [Not seen].
Voss, Edward G., "Butterflies and crab spiders." Lepid. News, vol. 7: p. 54. 29 July 1953.
Vrydagh, J. M., "Les principaux ravageurs des cotonniers dans le nord du Congo beige" [in French, Flemish summary]. Bull. Agric. Congo Beige, vol. 43: pp. 839-868, 19 figs. Sept. 1952. Describes biology and lists parasites of Gelechia gossypiella and Sylepta derogata in northern Belgian Congo; both feed on Hibiscus as well as cotton. [P. B.]
Wasser, Harriette Block, "Demonstration of a new insect virus not associated with inclusion bodies." Journ. Bact., vol. 64: pp. 787-792, 1 fig. Dec. 1952. Morator nudus, n. sp., attacking larvae of Cirphis unipuncta . [P. B.]
Webb, Frank Ernest, "An ecological study of the Larch Casebearer, Coleophora laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae)." Diss. Abs., vol. 13: pp. 615-616. Oct. 1953. Abstract only.
Weiser, Jaroslav, "Parasiten der Raupen der Sonnenblumenmotte, Homeosoma nebulellum Hbn. mit besonderer Riicksicht zur Art Mattesia povolnyi sp. n." [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 1: pp. 252-264, 4 pis. 1952. Describes a new protozoan parasite, M. povolnyi (Schizogregarina) from larvae of H. nebulellum. [J. M.]
Weiser, J., J. Ludvik, & J. Veber, "Eine Polyedrie des Weidenspinners (Stilpnotia solids L.)" [in Czech, Russian & German summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp. 238-241, 1 pi., 1 fig. Dec. 1954. Describes the virus Bollea stilpnotioi as a parasite of S. salicis larvae. [J. M.]
Weiser, J., & J. Veber, "The possibilities of biological control of the Fall Webworm (Hyphantria cunea Drury)" [in Czech, Russian & English summaries]. Folia Zool. Ent., vol. 3: pp.55-68, 11 figs. March 1954. Results of experiments for control of H. cunea using the protozoan parasite Thelohania hyphantria? and Bacillus thurin-gensis. [J. M.J
Westveld, Marinus, "A Budworm vigor-resistance classification for Spruce and Balsam Fir." Journ. Forestry, vol. 52: pp. 11-24, figs. 1954. On basis of crown, vigor, and other considerations a resistance classification is devised. Ten is the highest and zero the lowest resistance to damage by Choristoneura fumiferana. [J. T.]
Wiles, Audrey M., "Caterpillars on the march." Nat. Hist. Notes Nat. Hist. Soc. Jamaica, vol. 6: p. 35, 3 figs. Sept./Nov. 1953. Larvae of Pseudosphinx tetrio wandering away from foodplant (Plumeria). [P. B.]
Wiles, Audrey M., "Nature's control of caterpillars." Nat. Hist. Notes Nat. Hist. Soc. Jamaica, vol. 6: p. 37, 3 figs. Sept./Nov. 1953. Sphingid larva parasitized by bra-conids. P. B.
Woglum, R. S., & H. C. Lewis, "Leaf roller attacks citrus trees." Calif. Citrograph, vol. 32: pp. 308-309, 4 figs. May 1947. Archips argyrospila; biology and control.
Wolcott, George N., "A quintessence of sensitivity: the Coffee Leaf Miner." /. Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico, vol. 31: pp. 215-219. "July 1947" [June 1950]. Biology of Leucoptera coffeella. Records parasites. [P. B.]
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182 Recent Literature on Lepidoptera Vol.9: nos.4-5
Wood, D. M., "Breeding of Celerio lineata and Celerio gallii on Michipicoten Island, Thunder Bay District, Ontario." Ontario Field Biologist, no. 9: p. 26. May 1955. Larvae of C. lineata found 30 July and of C. gain 25 Aug., all on Epilobium augusti-folium. C. galii were heavy parasitized by tachinid flies and fungi. [C. R.J
Woodcock, H. E., "Moths feigning death." Lepid. News, vol. 6: p. 108. 19 Feb. 1953.
Wrighe, D. W., & Q. A. Geering, "Pea Moth." Agriculture, vol. 54: pp. 124-129. June 1947. Biology and control of Laspeyresia nigricana.
Xeros, N., "Cytoplasmic polyhedral virus diseases." Nature, vol. 170: p. 1073. 20 Dec. 1952. In Lepidoptera.
Xeros, N., "Development of intranuclear inclusions in virus-diseased cells of lepidopterous larvae." Nature, vol. 172: pp. 309-310. 15 Aug. 1953-
Xeros, N., "Origin of the virus-producing chromatic mass or net of the insect nuclear polyhidroses." Nature, vol. 175: pp. 588-590, 2 figs. 2 April 1955. Cytology of polyhedral disease of various Lepidoptera. [P. B.]
Ziegler, J. B., "Notes on the life history of Incisalia augustinus and a new host plant record (Lycaenidae)." Lepid. News, vol. 7: pp. 33-35. 29 July 1953-
Zopp, J., "Anzuchtverfahren bei Gastropacha quercifolia L." [in German]. Zeits. Wiener Ent. Ges., vol. 38: pp. 99-101. 30 April 1953- Remarks on rearing.
G. PHYSIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR
Tsesche, Rudolf, & Friedhelm Korte, "Uber Pteridine. IX. Mitteil.: Zur Kenntnis des sogen. fluorescyanins" [in German]. Chem. Berichte, vol. 87: pp. 1713-1719. 1954. Chemistry of a pigment found in eggs and pupae of Bombyx mort. [P.B.]
Van der Kloot, William G., "Neurosecretion and brain activity in the Cecropia silkworm." Anat. Rec, vol.120: pp.718-719. Nov. 1954. Abstract only.
Wellington, W. G., C. R. Sullivan, & W. R. Henson, "The light reactions of larvae of the spotless fall webworm, Hyphantria textor Harr. (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)." Canad. Ent., vol.86 :pp.529-542, 5 figs. 7 Jan. 1955. Larvae generally react positively to light from a 6-watt lamp; minor modifications result from starvation and temperature changes. At room temperature, all instars are photopositive in a dark-light alternative chamber; at higher temperatures the first three instars become strongly photonegative, the last three become more strongly photopositive. Larvae crawling on ground orient to the sun according to temperature, going toward it at low temperatures, going more and more away from it at increasing temperatures. This orientation is determined by response to plane polarized light, and can be altered by rotation of an overhead polarizer. [E.M.]
Williams, Carroll M., "Isolation and identification of the prothoracic gland hormone of insects." Anat. Rec, vol.120: p.743- Nov. 1954. Abstract only.
H. MIGRATION
Burmann, Karl, "Nordtiroler Wanderfalterbeobachtungen 1952" [in German|. Xeits.
Wiener Ent. Ges., vol.38: pp.270-274. 15 Oct. 1953. Migration of 20 spp. [N.6.] Wolfsberger, Josef, "Wanderfalterbeobachtungen 1953 in Sudbayern" [in German].
Nachrbl. Bayer. Ent., vol.3: pp.50-52, 57-59- 15 May, 15 June 1954. Migration of
19 spp. [N.O.]
I. TECHNIQUE
Auclair, J. L., & J. B. Maltais, "Paper partition chromatography in entomological research." Canad. Ent., vol.86: pp.377-381, 2 figs. 7 Sept. 1954. Applications in physiology, biochemistry, toxicology, ecology, economic entomology, and taxonomy are noted. [E.M.]
Chapman, John A., Sc Roderick Craig, "An electrophysiological approach to the study of chemical sensory reception in certain insects." Canad. Ent., vol.85: pp.182-189, 11 figs. 5 June 1953- Oscilloscope records of electrical potential sequences in sensory nerves following stimulation. Work partly based on "tomato horn worm, Proto-parce". [E.M.]
Downe, A. E. R., & A. S. West, "Progress in the use of the precipitin test in entomological studies." Canad. Ent., vol.86: pp.181-184. 28 May 1954. Describes technique for determining food of individual predatory insects, and notes applications to predators of Malacosoma disstria and of tortricids. Uses in systematic studies are also noted. [E.M.]
Green, G. W., & W. R. Henson, "A new type of coprometer for laboratory and field use." Canad. Ent., vol.85: pp.227-230, 4 figs. 26 June 1953- A rotary, clock-driven coprometer of improved type. [E.M.]
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